25
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Method of the Research
In writing this research, the writer used a survey method through correlational technique. She analyzed the research by using Phi Coefficient to
know the result.
B. Place and Time of the Research
The research was conducted at Kumon Vila Nusa Indah Ruko Vila Nusa Indah 2, Blok W3 No.18 Gunung Putri, Bogor 16969. It was carried out from
February – April 2011.
C. Population and Sample of the Research
The population of the study are the whole students either girls or boys who were 7-9 years of age at Kumon Villa Nusa Indah Bogor. The writer picked 5
couples girls and boys of every level of age 30 students from 150 students of Kumon Villa Nusa Indah Bogor. It is 20 of the research population. Suharsimi
has explained in his book, that: Selanjutnya, jika jumlah subjeknya besar dapat diambil antara 10-
15 atau 20-25 atau lebih, tergantung setidak-tidaknya dari: a.
Kemampuan peneliti dilihat dari waktu, tenaga, dan dana.
26 b.
Sempit luasnya wilayah pengamatan dari setiap subjek, Karena hal ini menyangkut banyak sedikitnya data.
c. Besar kecilnya resiko yang ditanggung peneliti. Untuk penelitian
yang resikonya besar, tentu saja jika sampel besar, hasilnya akan lebih baik.
1
So, because of the researcher‘s time, fund, and power limitedness, she took 20 of the research population only.
D. Variable of the Research
There are two variable in this research: 1.
Independent variable is the variable that influences another variable. In this research, the independent variable is gender of the children at Kumon
Villa Nusa Indah Bogor. 2.
Dependent variable is the variable that is influenced by another variable. In this research, the dependent variable is communicative competence
informative description of children at Kumon Villa Nusa Indah Bogor.
E. Instrument of the Research
To collect the data, the writer used communicative competence test to measure the competence of understanding and producing the utterance
communicatively.
1
Suharsimi Arikunto, Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek, ed.5, Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta, 2002, p. 112
27
F. The Technique of Data Collecting At Kumon Vila Nusa Indah, there is English English EE program. This
program is designed for the students that use the English as mother language everyday. The English English EE program consists of 18 levels; begin from 7A
level until L level. At every level, the students were allowed to get communicative competence measure test. The researcher recorded the descriptions that were
given by the students in communicative competence measure test and use it as the corpus of the research. She used this test as the corpus of the research because in
this test some of children 7-9 years of age were asked to define daily vocabularies. Their communicative competence to convey the information effectively can be
seen from every definition. Data collecting was condu
cted with recording every student‘s description and noting their identity. From collected data, the researcher chose the definition
of things of two students that are same at the age but different at gender. Then, every definition was transcribed and grouped according to their age and gender.
Then, the writer asked to the evaluator to give grade for every description. The evaluator were asked to read the description and to grade how
informative the descriptions are on a scale 1-5; 1 being the least informative description and 5 being the most informative description.
The evaluator were chosen randomly and if they were not native speaker, they had to have ‗good‘ level English competence at the least see the example of
questioner answer sheet below. The grade of English competence was submitted to the evaluator, in other words, they were asked to make certain about how good
28 of their English competence. English competence less than good were considered
could influence the evaluator grade to the description at the questionnaire. The researcher didn‘t use evaluator who had homogeny English background, it caused
that every one had different English background. In this research, the evaluator
profession was assumed wouldn‘t influence their evaluation to the stud
ents‘ description. Thus, the evaluator could come from various background included student, teacher, lecturer, worker, etc. It wasn‘t
limited on State Islamic University scope.
G. The Technique of Data Analysis
Kategori