11 Additionally, Kemp’s instructional model is a flexible process. There is
interdependence among the eight elements: decisions related to one can affect others. Therefore, the benefit of using Kemp’s model is that it can be applied for an
instructional unit or for a single subject. The design can begin with any element.
2. Foreign Language Teaching for Young Learners
In Indonesia, English is considered as a foreign language. According to Broughton, et al., English as a foreign language EFL means the language that is
taught in school, often widely, but it does not play an essential role in the national or social live. People rarely use English for their daily communication.
Regarding that fact, teaching English in Indonesia, especially for children, needs greater attention since English is rarely used in their environment. An English
teacher is supposed to be able to create a good atmosphere to make the children feel familiar with English. Therefore, related with this study of developing English
instructional material for kindergarten students, there are some objectives in teaching a foreign language for children according to Leonora Frohlich-Ward in Teaching
Foreign Language to the Very Young Freudenstein, 1978. They are: a To make the children aware of the fact that there are other system next to their
mother tongue. b To support their intellectual and cultural growth.
c To establish and favorable attitude towards language learning in general PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
12 The acquisition of a language, especially a foreign language, is best to be
learned in early ages. The best age to start learning foreign language is between 4 – 10 years old since around those ages, the children are still in the period of golden age
where their ability in acquiring foreign languages is better. In addition, related to the language learning, it is argued convincingly that the younger the children start
studying a foreign language, the more likely it is that the children will achieve native- speaker proficiency.
Teaching children is different from teaching adults. The children always need individual attention. They have great curiosity. As a fact, young children do not come
to the language classroom empty-handed. They bring with them an already well- established set of instincts, skills and characteristics which will help them to learn
another language Halliwell, 1992:3. Therefore, the method in teaching foreign language for children should be appropriate to their characteristics and ability.
3. Early Childhood’s Characteristics a.
