The Base Ending with m
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The list above shows that the pronunciation of the base ended with m does not change when receiving the suffix {-ful}. It can be proven in the word
shame
that is pronounced as ʃeɪm. When the suffix {-ful} attaches to this word,
the last phoneme m is still pronounced. It means that there is no alteration of
pronunciation in the base ending with m.
xi. The Bases Ending with ɪ
The last base that can be attached to the suffix {-ful} having one word is the base ending with phoneme
ɪ. The datum is presented below.
cheer t ʃɪr
cheerful t
ʃɪəfl
The base
cheer
t ʃɪr, its pronunciation changes into tʃɪəfl when the
suffix {-ful} attaches to the base. There is an insertion of schwa ə when the base
is attached to the suffix {-ful}. Thus, the pronunciation of
cheerful
is pronounced as t
ʃɪəfl, not tʃɪr.
xii. The Bases Ending with d
The suffix {-ful} also attaches to the base ending with phoneme d. There is only one base attached to the suffix {-ful} ending with d. The data is written
below. hand hænd
handful
ˈhændfʊl The data mentioned above shows that there is a different pronunciation of
the suffix {-ful}. The suffix {-ful} will be pronounced as f ʊl when the base
ended with d. In short, when the suffix {-ful} is attached to the noun bases in order to change the words into nouns, the different pronunciation occurs in the
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suffix {-ful} from fl into f ʊl. Consequently, the base
hand
hænd, which is a noun, is pronounced as
ˈhændfʊl rather than ˈhændfl.
xiii. The Bases Ending with l
The suffix {-ful} also attaches to the base ending with l. There is only
one word. Below is the datum.
Skill sk ɪl
skillful ˈskɪlfl
Based on the datum mentioned above, when the suffix {-ful} attaches to the base ending with l, there is no alteration of the pronunciation of the base and
the suffix {-ful}. The base
skill
is still pronounced as sk ɪl after attached to the
suffix {-ful}. Therefore, sk ɪl
+ fl is pronounced as ˈskɪlfl.
xiv. The Bases Ending with eɪ
The base ending with phoneme e ɪ also only has one datum. The datum is
listed below.
play ple ɪ
playful ple
ɪfl Similar to the base ending with
ʊə, when the suffix {-ful} attaches to the base ending with e
ɪ as seen above, it can be added to the suffix {-ful} directly without change any pronunciation. Thus, there is no alteration of the
pronunciation of the word
play
after and before the suffixation.
xv. The Bases Ending with ə
The base of the suffix {-ful} ending with phoneme
ə rarely occurs based on the data collection. The occurrence of it is only one word. The word is as
follows. wonder
ˈwʌndər
wonderful ˈwʌndəfl PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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The base
wonder
has the phoneme ə as the final sound. When it is
attached to the suffix {-ful}, the word becomes
wonderful
that is pronounced as ˈwʌndəfl. The base form of the suffix {-ful}, the -fl follows directly without
changing its form.
xvi. The Bases Ending with z
According to the data, the base ending with z only has one datum. The word is shown as follows.
use juːz
useful
juːzfl
As the datum above, the base
use
becomes
useful
. It shows that the base ending with z has no alteration of each pronunciation at all. In other words,
juːz + fl change into
juːzfl. It is concluded that the attachment of the suffix {-ful} is directly added to the base
use
without any modification.