The Base Ending with m

41 The list above shows that the pronunciation of the base ended with m does not change when receiving the suffix {-ful}. It can be proven in the word shame that is pronounced as ʃeɪm. When the suffix {-ful} attaches to this word, the last phoneme m is still pronounced. It means that there is no alteration of pronunciation in the base ending with m. xi. The Bases Ending with ɪ The last base that can be attached to the suffix {-ful} having one word is the base ending with phoneme ɪ. The datum is presented below. cheer t ʃɪr  cheerful t ʃɪəfl The base cheer t ʃɪr, its pronunciation changes into tʃɪəfl when the suffix {-ful} attaches to the base. There is an insertion of schwa ə when the base is attached to the suffix {-ful}. Thus, the pronunciation of cheerful is pronounced as t ʃɪəfl, not tʃɪr. xii. The Bases Ending with d The suffix {-ful} also attaches to the base ending with phoneme d. There is only one base attached to the suffix {-ful} ending with d. The data is written below. hand hænd  handful ˈhændfʊl The data mentioned above shows that there is a different pronunciation of the suffix {-ful}. The suffix {-ful} will be pronounced as f ʊl when the base ended with d. In short, when the suffix {-ful} is attached to the noun bases in order to change the words into nouns, the different pronunciation occurs in the 42 suffix {-ful} from fl into f ʊl. Consequently, the base hand hænd, which is a noun, is pronounced as ˈhændfʊl rather than ˈhændfl. xiii. The Bases Ending with l The suffix {-ful} also attaches to the base ending with l. There is only one word. Below is the datum. Skill sk ɪl  skillful ˈskɪlfl Based on the datum mentioned above, when the suffix {-ful} attaches to the base ending with l, there is no alteration of the pronunciation of the base and the suffix {-ful}. The base skill is still pronounced as sk ɪl after attached to the suffix {-ful}. Therefore, sk ɪl + fl is pronounced as ˈskɪlfl. xiv. The Bases Ending with eɪ The base ending with phoneme e ɪ also only has one datum. The datum is listed below. play ple ɪ  playful ple ɪfl Similar to the base ending with ʊə, when the suffix {-ful} attaches to the base ending with e ɪ as seen above, it can be added to the suffix {-ful} directly without change any pronunciation. Thus, there is no alteration of the pronunciation of the word play after and before the suffixation. xv. The Bases Ending with ə The base of the suffix {-ful} ending with phoneme ə rarely occurs based on the data collection. The occurrence of it is only one word. The word is as follows. wonder ˈwʌndər  wonderful ˈwʌndəfl PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 43 The base wonder has the phoneme ə as the final sound. When it is attached to the suffix {-ful}, the word becomes wonderful that is pronounced as ˈwʌndəfl. The base form of the suffix {-ful}, the -fl follows directly without changing its form. xvi. The Bases Ending with z According to the data, the base ending with z only has one datum. The word is shown as follows. use juːz  useful juːzfl As the datum above, the base use becomes useful . It shows that the base ending with z has no alteration of each pronunciation at all. In other words, juːz + fl change into juːzfl. It is concluded that the attachment of the suffix {-ful} is directly added to the base use without any modification.

B. The Functions of the Suffix {-ful}

The suffix {-ful} is recognized as the bound morpheme and the base that comes from a noun is also recognized as the free morpheme. In other words, the suffix {-ful} belongs to the derivational morpheme because the suffix {-ful} changes the part of speech that comes from a noun which turns into an adjective or a noun. The suffix {-ful} has three functions. The first one is to change nouns into adjectives. The second one is to change nouns into nouns. The last is to change verbs to adjectives. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 44 Table 16. The Functions of the Suffix {-ful} Lexical Category Frequency Change form Percentage Noun Noun to Adjective 38 90.4 Noun to Noun 2 4.8 Verb Verb to Adjective 2 4.8 Total 42 100 The table above shows that the data which are attached to the suffix {-ful} are forty two words. There are three functions of the suffix {-ful} in forming new lexical category. The first function is to form adjectives from nouns. The number of them is thirty eight bases. The first function which changes noun into adjective commonly occurs in the suffix {-ful}. The second function is to form nouns to nouns. It is only about 4.8 from all the data. The third function is the change verbs into adjectives. The occurrence of the third function is similar to the second function, which is only appears in two words. Besides, the percentage of the third function and the second function are also the same. It is only about 4.8 . Therefore, the second function and third function are quite less productive in the suffix {-ful}. For the sake of deeper analysis about the functions of the suffix {-ful}, the researcher examines based on the lexical category of the words before and after the suffixation of the suffix {-ful}. Nevertheless, there is particular change in analyzing the functions of the suffix {-ful}. It is proven in the second function of the suffix {-ful} in which changes nouns into nouns. There is no alteration in the part of the speech of the words handful and p lateful when the bases receiving the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI