B. Teaching Writing
Writing as one of the four skills has always formed part of the syllabus in the teaching of English. Writing has always been used as a means of reinforcing
language that has been taught.
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In other words, writing is a good way for students who learn English. They can put their idea on a piece of paper by paying attention
on grammar rule and vocabulary. Teaching writing is not simple as teaching other language skills since it
has conventional rules. By knowing the stages of writing process, the students are demanded to get the knowledge of how to write well. When writing, Indonesian
students who learned English as a foreign language need more time to think. Teacher asks students to focus on accurate language used and what ideas they will
write. Moreover the students only have limited words or vocabulary. It can provoke their language development.
Teaching writing for the students in junior high school is not an easy job, there is another factor that makes writing is the most difficult subject. The other
reason is that there are many kinds of texts in English, such as narrative, descriptive, recount, and many more. Each text has different characteristics. There
are social functions, generic structures, and language features. Usually the student can differentiate each text from another and they mix all kinds of texts. This will
be a challenge for the teacher to find out how the student can distinguish each kind of text from another.
In teaching writing, the teachers are faced on difficulties related to make their students be able to transfer their ideas. And one of the difficulties in teaching
writing is about the low of exciting students in learning writing. For this reason, it is very important for the teacher to know how to teach writing English enjoyable,
exciting, and interesting in learn writing, especially in writing narrative text. And then, the alternative ways to teach writing narrative text, in this study the writer
offers one of media used in writing class. It is teaching writing using movies.
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Harmer, op. cit., p. 31-32.
C. Media in Language Teaching Learning
1. Movie
a. Definitions of Movie
Due to the increasing importance of visual and media images, Kress defined movie in Chan and Herrero‘s book that ―Films or movies have a great
potential in the language classroom, as they bring ‗together a large variety of modes‘.‖
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It means films are rich multimodal texts containing linguistic meaning in teaching and learning process. According to Susilana and Riyana stated movie,
also called a motion pictures, is a series of still images which, when shown on a screen, creates the illusion of moving images due to the phi phenomenon.
34
It shows that motion makes videos and movies unique and life-like and movie is a
medium that presents audio-visual message and movement. Therefore, movie gives the impression and impressive for viewers. Further, based on book of
―Teaching with Movies‖, The F.I.L.M Project stated movies are the way of telling the story by using modern instrument for people to communicate information and
ideas, and they show us places and ways of life we might not otherwise know in this era.
35
Meanwhile, Azhar defined movie as picture in a frame where frame by frame is projected through the projector lens mechanically so that the pictures in
the screen looks alive.
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It means that movie as a series of connected cinematographic images projected on a screen. Sadiman, et. al., said that movie
also is an effective media in teaching learning process because it stimulates students both receptive skills listening and reading and productive skills
speaking and writing by seeing the pictures and listening to the audio.
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33
Deborah Chan and Dr. Carmen Herrero, Using Film to Teach Languages, Manchester: Courner House and Routes into Languages North West, 2010, p. 11.
34
Rudi Susilana and Cepi Riyana, Media Pembelajaran, Bandung: Jurusan Kurtekpend FIP UPI, 2008, p. 19.
35
The F.I.LM. Project, Teaching with Movies: A guide for Parents and Educators, National Collaboration for Youth, No Year, p. 4.
36
Azhar Arsyad, Media Pembelajaran, Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2010, p. 49.
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Arief S. Sadiman, et al., Media Pendidikan: Pengertian, Pengembangan dan Pemanfaatannya, Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2009, p. 67.
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