Soal-soal yang dikerjakan siswa:
Soal-soal yang dikerjakan siswa:
A. Find the meanings of the following words. You will hear these words in the text in Task B.
3. menekan, memeras
4. percikan
5. memperluas, mengembang
6. roda gigi Let me tell you how kidney machines work. If kidneys
7. berputar become diseased and stop operating, it is (1) ________ to
8. naik use a kidney machine to (2) ________ waste from the blood. This machine process is called dialysis. It (3) ________
B. Listen to and complete the text based on what you
pumping blood from a rube in the person’s arm into thin
have heard.
tubing that runs through a tank of sterile (4) ________.
Teks yang diperdengarkan oleh Bapak/Ibu Guru dan jawaban:
Waste passes from the blood through the walls of the tubing Cars cannot run without gasoline. Burning gasoline provides
and the clean blood is returned to the body. This process the energy needed for the car to move, but how does that
must be (5) ________ regularly, to be successful. Adopted from: Anonymous, happen? The engine converts the gasoline’s potential energy into Tell Me How?, London, Chancellor Press, 2010.
(1) movement. It does this in several steps.
1. Gasoline mixed with air is (2) pumped into a cylinder, which
C. Listen and choose A, B, C, D or E for the correct
is fitted with a piston that can move up and down inside.
answer.
2. The piston moves up and (3) squeezes the fuel, making it heat up.
Teks yang diperdengarkan oleh Bapak/Ibu Guru:
3. An electric spark makes hot fuel react with oxygen in the air Nitrogen makes up 78 percent of air, but it cannot be used and explode. The reaction produces several gases, which
by animals or plants while it is a gas. Nitrogen in the air is are very hot- the gasoline’s potential energy has become
changed by lightning into nitrogen dioxide. It combines with drops (4) heat energy. You know, hot gases (5) expand very
of rain to fall to the ground as nitric acid. Nitrogen is also quickly and the expanding gases push on the piston, forcing
converted into usable compounds by nitrogen-fixing bacteria and it to (6) move down. The heat energy has now been
plants such as lichen and algae. They change it into chemicals converted to movement, or kinetic energy. The up and down
called nitrates. The nitrates are a form of nitrogen that can be movement of the piston is converted (7) by gears to the
taken up by the roots of plants. The plants are then eaten by spinning motion of the car’s wheels.
animals in turn. Some nitrogen is passed out in manure. This
4. Finally, the piston rises again and (8) pushes out the used manure and animal remains then help feed the soil. This is called gases ready to repeat the process.
the nitrogen cycle.
Adopted from: Krista West, Chemistry Reactions Volume 3: Chemical Reactions, Adopted from: John Bassett, Science Activities, Our Environment, Connecticut, Grolier Connecticut, Grolier Educational Sherman Turnpike, 2007.
Educational Sherman Turnpike, 2002.
Jawaban:
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. B
Bapak/Ibu Guru dapat menggunakan soal berikut untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa.
A. Retell the following texts using your own words.
Bapak/Ibu Guru perlu memperbanyak soal yang dikerjakan
Do it in turns.
siswa sesuai dengan jumlah siswa, lalu membacakan soal listening-nya.
Contoh jawaban:
1. You must be familiar with the term ‘photosynthesis’.
Teks yang dibacakan oleh Bapak/Ibu Guru dan jawaban:
Photosynthesis is a process of making sugars in plants Let me tell you how kidney machines work. If
which uses energy from sunlight. Well, the process takes kidneys become diseased and stop operating, it is
place in the chloroplasts, the structures inside the tightly
(1) necessary to use a kidney machine to (2) remove
packed palisade cells in the leaves of a plant. You know, in waste from the blood. This machine process is called
the chloroplasts there is a green pigment called chlorophyll. dialysis. It (3) involves pumping blood from a rube in the person’s arm into thin tubing that runs through a tank of
24 Explanations
It is the chlorophyll which traps the sun’s energy. Later the plant uses the energy to make molecules of glucose from
3. Air rises as it enters an area of low pressure. As air rises, water and carbon dioxide. I tell you that the glucose
other air must replace it which, in turn, also rises. This is provides energy for the plant. In the process, oxygen is
a complex process. As the air rises, it moves in released as a by-product.
a spiral, but if enough air enters an area of low pressure,
2. You know Arizona, don’t you? Yes, it’s one of the states clouds will form and rain may fall. Adopted from: Achmad Doddy, Ahmad Sugeng, Effendi, in the U.S. which people call Arid Zona. In Indonesian it Developing English
Competencies for Senior High School (SMA/MA) Grade XII of Natural and Social
means Daerah Gersang or Kering and is termed as sunburn
Science, Jakarta, Pusat Perbukuan Depdiknas, 2008.
state. You know, it is so hot in Arizona that we can boil an
Contoh jawaban:
egg on our legs. So, one can just imagine the temperature. Good morning, everybody. I’m going to explain what causes The heat in Arizona is dry until October. The hot
air to rise. There are ways in which the air can be forced to rise. condition doesn’t last all through the year, as during
This causes water droplets to condense. Let’s look at each of Christmas it becomes so cool that frost forms.
these one by one.
Let’s see why Arizona is so hot. It’s because the First, air is heated from the ground. This tends to occur Laguna Mountains in California tend to block the cool
mainly in the tropics. Here the air in contact with the ground is marine air that flow from the Pacific Ocean. The flow of air is
warmer than the air above. This makes the air rise. As inhibited to move eastwards to Yuma. These Mountains are
a result, huge thunder-clouds (called cumulonimbus clouds) known to retain the heat. The weather pattern in places like
form and rainfall can be very heavy. This rainfall is called Utah, Nevada and Arizona have high pressures. These high
convection rain.
air pressures make the air in Northes Arizona move at Second, the air is forced to cross a mountain barrier and
a latitude, in height. That’s why, Yuma in Arizona, situated at consequently, forced to rise. If the mountains are sufficiently
a higher altitude, experiences more heat and gets baked. high and the air mass contains enough moisture, clouds will The level of precipitation is very low at this place due to
form. This makes rain fall on the windward side. This is the these Mountains. If any storms arise in the Pacific Ocean
side closest to where the air mass is coming from. This and move towards California, they move from west to east.
rainfall is known as orographic rain, meaning, caused by the The clouds that form, touch the Mountains and will be
shape of the land. The air mass, now drier and warmer, will forcibly cooled and condensed further. The condensed
continue to flow down the other side of the mountains, the clouds fall as rain on the Mountains. So, the clouds that
leeward side.
pass the Mountains don’t fall as rain in Arizona. The Third, air rises as it enters an area of low pressure. As Southern part of Arizona is a desert and hence it is too hot
air rises, other air must replace it which, in turns, also rises. In in this region. In Phoenix, June seems to be very hot, with
fact, this is a complex process. As the air rises, it moves in less humidity. People in Arizona experience monsoon
a spiral, but if enough air enters an area of low pressure, storms during summer. The summer in Arizona has higher
clouds will form and rain may fall.
humidity levels, with wind and dust storms occurring during That’s all about what causes air to rise. the season.
B. Answer the questions based on the texts in Task A. Jawaban:
Text 1
1. To explain a process called photosynthesis. Dengan perintah kegiatan yang sama Bapak/Ibu Guru dapat
2. In the chloroplasts.
memberikan teks berikut.
3. Chlorophyll.
4. To make molecules of glucose from water and carbon dioxide.
What Causes Air to Rise?
5. The release of oxygen.
There are ways where air can be forced to rise, thus causing water droplets to condense. We will look at each of
Text 2
these one by one.
1. It’s about why Arizona is so hot.
1. The air is heated from the ground. This occurs mainly in
2. During Christmas time.
the tropics, where the air in contact with the ground is
3. Because the Laguna Mountains in California tend to block warmer than the air above, so it will rise. As a result,
the cool marine air that flows from the Pacific Ocean. sometimes huge thunder-clouds (called cumulonimbus
4. They experience monsoon storms. clouds) form and associated rainfall can be very heavy.
5. The storms.
This type of rainfall is called convection rain.
2. The air is forced to cross a mountain barrier. As it crosses a mountain barrier, it is forced to rise. If the mountains are sufficiently high and the air mass contains enough moisture, clouds will form and rain will fall on the windward side (the side closest to where the air mass is coming from). This rainfall is known as orographic rain, meaning “caused by the shape of the land”. The air mass, now drier and warmer, will continue to flow down the other side of the mountains (the leeward side).
Kunci Jawaban PR Bahasa Inggris Kelas XII
C. Find an explanation text, such as why the body is warm, how snakes inject their venom, or why snow is white. Share your work with the class.
A. Arrange the following paragraphs to form
Contoh jawaban:
a meaningful text. How do Snakes Inject Their Venom? Read it in turns.
A venomous snake has saliva glands which produce poison
Why is Our Blood Red?
for its prey. This is called snake’s venom. Snake venom is
1. powerful enough to kill an elephant. About two hundred As well as red blood cells, our blood also
venomous snakes out of 412 species can be considered contains white blood cells, which help to fight off
dangerous to humans.
diseases. All heart cells and nutrients are transmited Two of these are African snakes called the boomslang and in a pale yellow, thick liquid, called plasma. Other
the bird snake. Their fangs are at the rear of their mouths, greatly materials carried in the plasma, include a substance
enlarged and have grooves running down one side. Above these called fibrinogen, which helps the blood to clot when
fangs are openings that lead to the venom-producing gland. we suffer cuts.
When a rear-fanged snake bites, venom drips down the grooves
2. into the bite made by the fangs. Cobras fangs are at the front of As well as transmitting oxygen and carbon
the mouth, one on each side of the upper jaw. A muscle dioxide, blood also transmits nutrients to the cells,
surrounds the venom gland so that when the snake bites, the so that they can perform their functions and for cell
muscles press on the gland and force the venom down the fangs repair and growth. Waste products are carried back
and through their tips. The spitting cobra can spray venom from to the liver for removal.
its fangs the way water is squirted from a toy gun.
Adopted from: Anonymous, Tell Me How?, London, Chancellor Press, 2010.
Our blood is red because of haemoglobin, which is contained in our red blood cells (red corpuscles). The function of these specialised cells is to carry oxygen from our lungs to wherever needed in the body. They are formed in our bone marrow and the haemoglobin in them, which is
A. Read the text and answer the questions that follow.
made of iron and protein, turn redder as it picks up oxygen. It loses this color as it deposits oxygen in
Jawaban:
other cells and picks up carbon dioxide to return to
1. Why is the Sky Blue?
the lungs, which is why some of the veins in our
2. A mixture of gases and other materials, such as nitrogen hands and arms appear blue through our skin.
(78%) and oxygen (21%), argon gas, water and solid
particles, salt from the ocean, dust, soot, pollen, ashes and many other gases.
Adopted from: Anonymous, Tell Me Why?, London, Chancellor Press, 2010.
Jawaban:
3. High frequency colors are absorbed more often than low The correct arrangement of the paragraphs is 3–2–1.
frequency colors.
B. Match the words in column A with the similar
4. It refers to particles.
meanings in column B.
5. It is “rely on”.
1. to support
a. function
2. ailment
b. to carry
3. to transport
c. substance
Dengan perintah kegiatan yang sama Bapak/Ibu Guru dapat
4. role
d. disease
memberikan soal berikut.
5. material
e. to help
6. to restore
f. nutrient
Seasons occur regularly. We have probably noticed that
7. to carry out
g. to contain
it gets warmer during summer or dry season, while it gets
8. a source of nourishment
h. to execute
colder in winter, or wet season. However do we know how
9. to include
i.
to need
these seasons change?
10. to require
j.
to repair
Seasons occur and change every year. This happens because the Earth tilts back and forth as it goes around the
Jawaban:
Sun. During the Summer, Earth tilts toward the Sun. It makes
half of Earth hotter. This condition is called Summer. During
the other half of the year, Earth tilts away from the Sun. As a result, this makes the other half of Earth cooler. This cool condition is called Winter. Adapted from: http://downloads.ziddu.com/downloadfile/8080278/
Kumpulan_Explanation_text_1.txt.html (March 28, 2011)
Questions:
1. What is a suitable title for the text? Jawaban: How do Seasons Occur?
2. “We have probably noticed that it gets warmer during summer . . . .” (Paragraph 1) What is a similar to the underlined word? Jawaban: Possibly.
26 Explanations
3. What is the weather like in the dry and wet seasons?
Jawaban:
Jawaban: The weather is warmer in summer, or dry sea
1. D. Jawaban disimpulkan dari kalimat di paragraf satu, son and cooler in winter, or wet season.
”This bending, called refraction, happens because
4. When does the Earth move closer to the Sun? light moves at different speeds in different Jawaban: During summer, or dry season.
substances . . . .” yang artinya ”Pembelokan ini, yang
5. “It makes half of Earth hotter.” (Paragraph 2) disebut refraksi, terjadi karena sinar berpindah What does the word ‘it’ refer to?
dengan kecepatan yang berbeda dalam zat yang Jawaban: It refers to the movement of Earth towards the
berbeda . . . .”. Jadi pilihan jawaban (D) yang artinya Sun.
untuk menjelaskan bagaimana refraksi terjadi, benar.
2. E. Jawaban disimpulkan dari kalimat di paragraf tiga,
B. Complete the text with the correct words from the box.
”Below the water surface, the angle between the
Jawaban:
light ray and the normal is called the angle of
1. h 2. d 3. i
4. f refraction.” yang artinya ”Di bawah permukaan air,
5. b 6. a 7. g 8. c sudut antara pancaran sinar dengan garis normal disebut sudut refraksi.”. Jadi, pilihan jawaban (E)
benar.
3. C. Pilihan jawaban (C) benar karena sesuai dengan kalimat di paragraf tiga, ”When light travels from one medium into a less dense medium, as from glass into air, the angle of refraction is greater than the
A. Choose A, B, C, D or E for the correct answer based
angle of incidence.” yang artinya ”Ketika sinar
on the text in Task B.
datang dari suatu media ke media yang kurang kepadatannya, seperti dari gelas ke air, sudut
1. What is the purpose of the text? refraksi lebih besar dari sudut datang.”.
A. To explain why light travels fast.
B. To explain how light is produced.
4. B. Pilihan jawaban (B) benar untuk soal pengecualian karena dalam teks tidak disebutkan bahwa kaca
C. To explain kinds of light movement.
D. To explain how refraction happens. yang memantul-kan sinar dari sebuah objek merupakan gejala refraksi. Pilihan jawaban (A)
E. To explain bent and continuous light. salah karena sesuai dengan kalimat di paragraf
2. Where is the angle of refraction? empat, “The straw appears to bend below the
A. Above the water surface, between the light ray and surface.”, pilihan jawaban (C) dan (D) salah karena the normal.
sesuai dengan kalimat di paragraf dua, “You may
B. Above the water surface, between the incident ray have noticed that a swimming pool looks as if it is and the normal.
not as deep as it really is, and fish in a lake or
C. Below the water surface, between the light ray and
a river appear to be nearer the surface than they the incident ray.
really are.”, dan pilihan jawaban (E) salah karena
D. Below the water surface, between the incident ray sesuai dengan kalimat di paragraf empat, and the normal.
”As a result, we appear to be able to see the Sun
E. Below the water surface, between the light ray and even when it has dropped below the horizon.”. the normal.
5. A. Kata ’they’ mengacu pada subjek/klausa sebelumnya, ”The reasons for the illusions are that
3. When is the angle of refraction greater than the angle of light rays traveling . . . .” yang artinya ”Alasan adanya incidence?
ilusi ini adalah bahwa sinar berpindah . . . .”. Jadi,
A. When light enters a denser medium. kata ’they’ mengacu pada sinar, sesuai dengan
B. When light travels from the same dense of medium.
pilihan jawaban (A).
C. When light travels from one medium into
a less dense medium.
B. Complete the text with the correct words from the box.
D. When light fails to enter a denser medium because
Then, read it aloud.
there is an obstacle.
c. mind because there is an obstacle.
E. When light travels from the same dense of medium
a. bad
b. from
d. event
e. hear
f. cause
g. sleep
h. skin
i. create
k. conscious l. lead to ________.
4. The following are the examples of refraction, EXCEPT
j.
return
A. a straw in a glass of water appears to bend below
Why do Hallucinations Occur?
the surface
B. a mirror reflects a light ray from an object Hallucinations are created by the (1) ________, not real
C. fish in a lake appear to be nearer the surface than occurrences. Hallucinations that commonly occur are bodily they really are
sensations like a spider creeping on your (2) ________, or
D. a pool appears to be shallower than it really is internal organs moving. Hallucinations assist us in hearing
E. we are able to see the Sun when it has dropped sounds like music, footsteps, banging of windows, or doors, below the horizon
etc. If you (3) ________ a voice of someone who did not speak, look at various patterns, lights, beings and objects
5. “. . . when they emerge through the surface and into the and smell a good or (4) ________ odor, these are also air.” (Paragraph 2)
hallucinations.
The word ‘they’ refers to ________. The subconscious mind is considered a sleeping mind
A. light rays
B. underwater objects
while the (5) ________ mind is considered an awakened
C. swimming pools
D. substances
mind. People generally relate the conscious mind with reality.
E. directions
Kunci Jawaban PR Bahasa Inggris Kelas XII
When anyone experiences an event during (6) ________ attached to one another. Ice crystals are also clear and or dream, the event is considered as part of a dream. This is
colorless, while accumulated crystals combine to form so, as it occurred within the subconscious mind. If
snowflakes.
an (7) ________ occurred when one is in conscious frame of Snow is visible to us due to the presence of light. Snow falls mind, then it becomes a realistic experience. The mind-sets
from the atmosphere and reaches ground. The ice crystals will which are intermediate to conscious and subconscious minds
enable light falling on them, to be reflected on the surface. There (8) ________ hallucinations. Hallucinations occur when the
are multiple faces for crystals and, hence light also gets mind state is in-between dream and conscious state. They
scattered. Visible light has various wavelengths of light that are occur when your mind does not (9) ________ to conscious
visualized by us. When light falls on any object, part of the light state.
will be absorbed and the other part will be reflected. The Other causes of hallucinations are being drunk; cease
reflected part of light reaches our eyes and allows us recognize using the drugs. Dementia is a common disorder that can
the colors.
often lead to (10) ________ hallucinations. Epilepsy is another The light fallen on ice crystals, do not pass through the disorder which can lead to hallucinations. Normal fever in
crystals for long distances, but tend to change directions. The children and adults, blindness, deafness, severe illness, liver
light is also reflected at an angle on the interior of the ice. As failure, kidney failure and brain cancer are possible causes of
snow exists as a collection of several snowflakes on the ground, hallucinations. Hallucinations can lead to a perception gap.
the light that falls on them will not have a particular wavelength
that is reflected with regularity. So, most of the light that falls on
Adopted from: http://www.knowswhy.com/why-do-hallucinations-occur/ (March 24,
the snow will almost completely be reflected back. The light that
Jawaban:
is reflected by the snow will remain white most of the time, as the
1. c 2. h 3. e 4. a 5. k
total light and not any one wavelength is reflected back.
6. g 7. d 8. f 9. j
10. k
Adopted from: http://www.knowswhy.com/why-is-snow-the-color-white/ (March 24, 2012)
C. Change the words in brackets into the correct forms of verbs.
2.3 Short Functional Texts: Telephone
Jawaban:
Messages and Formal Letters
1. are used
2. turns
3. are oxidized
4. are found
5. is used
6. is heated
7. forms
8. has been oxidized
D. Choose A, B, C, D or E for the correct answer. Jawaban:
1. E 2. A 3. C 4. E 5. D
A. Listen to and complete the texts based on what you have heard.
A. Write an explanation text. Choose one of the following topics.
Teks-teks yang diperdengarkan oleh Bapak/Ibu Guru dan jawaban:
Contoh jawaban:
Text 1
Ageing is a result of the gradual failure of body cells and Nessa, Ferry speaking. Sorry, I can’t go to your house organs to replace and repair themselves. This is because there is
this (1) afternoon to return your math book. I have
a (2) stomachache. However, don’t worry. I’ll ask my (3) brother begin to near their limit, the rate at which they divide slows down.
a limit to the number of times each cell can divide. As body cells
to return your book. Thanks.
The new cells that are produced have defects, or do not carry out their usual task effectively. Organs may begin to fail, tissues
Text 2
change in structure and chemical reactions that power the body Tom, this is Donita. I’m on the way to your town. I think I will become less efficient. The blood supply to the brain may become
(4) arrive around five p.m. Please pick me up at the (5) railway
ineffective. The brain cells become starved of oxygen and
station. Thank you.
nutrients, leading to forgetfulness. For most old people memories bring great pleasure. Strangely though, recent events may have
B. Answer the questions based on the texts in Task A.
been forgotten, old people quite often remember events that took
Jawaban:
place in their childhood.
Text 1
Adapted from: Anonymous, Tell Me How?, London, Chancellor Press, 2010.
1. He is going to Nessa’s house to return her math book.
B. Write an explanation text.
2. He has a stomachache.
Find references to support your writing.
3. Ferry’s brother.
Contoh jawaban:
Text 2
Why is Snow White?
4. By train.
5. He should pick Donita up from the railway station. Water in pure form is colorless. If there are any impurities
present, the color of water changes. Snow can also absorb the color of other objects. For example, in the case of glaciers deep inside an ice block, it appears blue in color. But, snow is slightly different from ice. Snow is the collection of tiny ice crystals,