SCORE: Content:__ + Organization:__ + Vocabulary:__ + Language Use:__ +
Mechanics:__ = TOTAL SCORE 10-5
Very Poor
orderfunction, articles,
pronouns, prepositions andor fragments, run-ons,
deletions – meaning confused or obscured.
Virtually no
mastery of
sentence construction rules
– dominated by errors – does not communicate
– OR not enough to evaluate.
Mechanics
5
4
3
2
Excellent to Very Good
Good to Average
Fair to Poor
Very Poor
Demonstrates mastery of conventions –
few errors of spelling, punctuation, capitalization, paragraphing.
Occasional errors of spelling, punctuation, capitalization, paragraphing but meaning
not obscured.
Frequent errors of spelling, punctuation, capitalization,
paragraphing – poor
handwriting – meaning confused or
obscured.
No mastery of conventions – dominated by
errors of
spelling, punctuation,
capitalization, paragraphing – handwriting
illegible – OR not enough to evaluate.
Categorization Score
EXECELLENT 80
– 90 GOOD
70 – 80
FAIR 60
– 70 POOR
50 - 60
F. Technique of Data Analysis
In analyzing the data, the writer used t
test
formula. The two classes are compared to the independent variable, the experiment class is X variable and the
control class is Y variable. The formula of t
test
is expressed as follows:
6
Where: Mx = Mean of Variable X
My = Mean of Variable Y SE = Standard Error
Afterwards, the calculation goes to several processes as follows:
7
1. Determining Mean of Variable X
∑
2. Determining Mean of Variable Y
∑
6
Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2008, p. 324.
7
Ibid., pp. 325--326.
3. Determining Standard of Deviation Score of Variable X
√∑
4. Determining Standard of Deviation Score of Variable Y
√∑
5. Determining Standard Error of Mean of Variable X
√
6. Determining Standard Error of Mean of Variable Y
√
7. Determining coefficient correlation “r
xy
” Product Moment
∑
8. Determining Standard Error of Difference of Mean of Variable X and Y
√
9. Determining t
o
10. Determining t
table
in significance level 5, with df degrees of freedom
G. Statistical Hypothesis
The statistical hypothesis of this study can be seen as:
Ho : There is no significant progress in using picturess series towards
students’ writing skill in narrative text.
Ha : There is a significant progress in using pictures series towards students’
writing skill in narrative text.
Ho : µ
1
= µ
2
H
a
: µ
1
≠ µ
2
And then, the criteria used as follows: 1.
If t-test t
o
t-table t
t
in significant degree of 0.05, Ho null hypothesis is rejected. It means that the rates of mean score of the
experimental group are higher than the controlled group. The using of pictures series is e
ffective towads students’ writing skill in narrative text.
2. If t-test t
o
t-table t
t
in significant degree of 0.05, Ho the null hypothesis is accepted. It means that the rates of the means score of
the experimental group are same as or lower than the controlled group. The using of pictures seriesis is not effective towards student
s’ writing
skill in narrative text.
29
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING
A. Data Description
The data were collected from students pre-test and post-test of both classes. The data which is obtained is described into two tables. The table 4.1
showed the students’ score and achievement in experiment class and the table 4.2
showed the students’ score and achievement in control class. Each table has five columns; the first column showed the number of students, the second
and the third column showed pre-test and post-test scores, the fourth column showed the gain score from pre-test and post-test, and the last column showed
the catogorization in post test score.
1. The Data of Experiment Class
Table 4.1 The Students’ Scores of Experiment Class
Using Media Pictures Series
Students Pre Test
Score Post Test
Score Gained d Score
Categorization in Post Test Score
X Post Test-Pre Test
1 50
78 28
Good 2
60 78
18 Good
3 63
80 17
Excellent 4
56 80
24 Excellent
5 66
78 12
Good 6
61 78
17 Good
7 56
80 24
Excellent 8
61 78
17 Good
9 55
79 24
Good 10
61 80
19 Excellent
11 51
78 27
Good
