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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
In this chapter, how the research was conducted will be described in detail. This chapter is divided into seven sections. There are the type of the research, the
setting of the research, subject of the research, time of the research, data collection technique and data analysis, validity and reliability of data, and the procedure of the
research.
A. Research Type
This study is action research in nature. According to Hopkins 1985:32 and Ebbutt 1985:156 action research is the combination of action
and the researcher that action a form of disciplined inquiry, in which a personal attempt is made to understand, improve and reform practice. Action
research is usually a collaborative activity involving input from people who are likely to be affected by the research.
Action research is the application of fact finding into problem solving to improve the quality of action within it, which involves the collaboration of
the researcher, practitioners and laymen. While another expert, Corey 1953:6, it is a process in which practitioners study problems
scientifically
so that they can evaluate, improve and steer decision making and practice. The
aim of the research is to solve teaching problems by finding new methods in teaching and new strategies in learning.
48 Kemmis and McTaggart 1999suggest that the fundamental
components of action research include the following: 1 developing a plan for improvement, 2 implementing the plan, 3 observing and documenting the
effects of the plan, and 4 reflecting on the effects of the plan for further planning and informed action.
Figure 1: steps of action research according to
Kemmis and McTaggart in Burns 1999:33
B. Research Setting
The research was conducted at SMP Negeri 1 Mlati, Yogyakarta. The school is categorized as SSN SekolahStandarNasionalor national standard
school. The total number of classes is 12 classes; classes for grade VII, 4 classes for grade VIII, and 4 classes for grade IX. The teaching learning
0: Reconnaissance 1: Action plan 1
2: Action and observation 1 3: Reflection and evaluation
4: Action plan 2 5: Action and observation 2
6: Reflection and evaluation2
2
1 3
4
5 6
49 process is conducted from 7:00 a.m to 12.30 p.m. The total hours for English
are four hours per week. The lesson was last for 40 minutes for each hour. The facilities in the school is good enough for teaching and learning English, there
are library and languages laboratory. There were 4 English teachers in SMP Negeri 1 Mlati graduating from different University.
To make the research effective, the researcher took one class as the sample of research. It was grade VII A in the second semester academic year
20132014 which consisted of 33 students. The decision to choose that class was determined by following factors:
1. The research subjects were taken from one of the biggest classes. It was expected that by taking the big class the result would be able to
portray the result of different students with different interest. In this condition, it was expected that the result would be valid.
2. Some students had low motivation and low grade in reading. It could see from the result of pre-test.
3. The number of research subjects was 33. This number was reliable because it could represent the population.
4. This class was the place where researcher teaches. It was expected that the research would not disturb the teaching learning process because
they were new in the second semester.
C. The Subject of the Research
Kategori