Research Design Data Collection Findings

CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH The important part of a research in analyzing the data is a method of research. By using method of research it will be easier for the writer easier in understanding the concerns expressed in a work that is going to be analyzed, to solve the problem and find a solution for the problems. In this study, the writer also uses method to analyze the object of the study, to understand all the data and finally transform it into a complete study. The writer tries to analyze the characteristic of the schizophrenic character in“A Beautiful Mind” movie script as the main object of the analysis.

3.1 Research Design

The method that is used to collect and analyze the data of this research is descriptive qualitative method. Nazir 1998:75 describes “Descriptive method is a method of research that makes the description of the situation of the events or occurrences, so that the method has an intention to accumulate the basic data”. According to Azwar 2004:126: “Analisis deskriptif bertujuan untuk memberikan deskripsi mengenai subjek penelitian berdasarkan data dari variabel yang diperoleh dari kelompok subjek yang diteliti dan tidak dimaksudkan untuk pengujian hipotesis”. Descriptive analysis is aimed to give a description about a research subject which is based on the data taken from some variables which are obtained from the group of subject and is not aimed to examine a hypothesis. Therefore, the writer will explain the data by using words or sentences instead of using statistic. Qualitative methods are developed in the social sciences to enabled research to study social and cultural phenomena Myers, 1977. According to Sukmadinata 2005 the primary thing about qualitative research is constructivism which assumes that reality is multi- dimensional, interactive and an exchange of social experience is interpreted by each individual. Qualitative research is an inductive approach, and its goal is to gain a deeper understanding of person’s or group experiences.

3.2 Source of data

3.2.1. Subject Research

The subject of research of this thesis is the script of “A Beautiful Mind” movie which is adapted from the biography of the lead character entitled “A Beautiful Mind:The Life of Mathematical Genius and Nobel Laureate John Nash” by Sylvia Nassar. The script was written by Akiva Goldsman in 8 November 2000 with 125 pages. The secondary data are other reference books used by the writer to support the subject of research, which are book about the psychology of literature theory, the human personality, and other books that support this research, which are used by using psychology of literature approach.

3.2.2. Object Research

The object of study in this thesis is the characters personality and the factors that influence the personality of the main character psychologically from the script “A Beautiful Mind” movie. The material object that is investigated or discussed is the main character itself. Formal objects refer to specific aspects of the material object are the behaviour, human culture, social life, and so on. Within this study, the formal object is experienced by the main characters personality, factors that affect the personality of the main character and inner conflict and the factors that influence the inner conflict experienced by the main character.

3.3. Data Collection

Data collecting method is steps applied by the researcher to get the data that are needed in particular research Arikunto, 2006: 160. The data collecting method in this study is conducted by using read note and literature methods. The methods are performed as follows: 1. Methods read note is the method used to collect the data by reading the script over and over again and then recorded to obtain accurate data. 2. The literature method is the method used to collect the data by finding an appropriate reference related to the problem of study.

3.4. Data Analysis

3.4.1. Steps of Analysis

The analysis is conducted by using descriptive qualitative method. According to Miles and Huberman 1992: 16, Qualitative descriptive method consists of a flow of activities that occur simultaneously and coherence, which include: data reduction activities grouping, presentation of data, drawing conclusions, and verification. Here below the steps of analysis conducted by the writer: 1. Data Reduction Data reduction refers to the grouping of data. Grouping the data starts from sorting out the data related to mental disorders experienced by the main character of the story, for example: the presence of hallucinations or delusions experienced by the main character. 2. Presentation of Data Presentation of data is presenting the data that have been gathered. The presentation of data is related with several examples of events that occur as a result of mental disorders experienced by John Nash 3. Drawing Conclusion Conclusion is drawn by some abnormal behaviors experienced by the main character and relate it with the theory of personality psychology according to what have been explained by related experts. 4. Verification After drawing conclusion, the last step is verivication. It refers to check the precision of the primary data, which is gathered based on the results of reading the script.

3.4.2. Step of Work

The step of work conducted in this thesis are: 1. Preparation Phase • Conduct literature • Develop a research design 2. Phase Analysis of Data • Reading the script A Beautiful Mind movie by Akiva Goldsmann • Identifying the abnormal behaviors of the lead character, John Nash • Finding the causes of mental disorders, schizophrenia • Selecting and classifying mental disorders of the main character • Finding the solution to recover the mental disorder experienced by John Nash 3. Describing data 4. Summarizing 5. Reporting Stage • Prepare interim report • Revise the interim manuscript 6. A final report Data Collection Reading “A Beautiful Mind” movie script Display Data Data Reduction Conclusion CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS In this chapter the writer will discuss the abnormal behavior experienced by the main character, John Nash, and analyze the causes and the treatment’s process of the main character who got mental disorder, schizophrenia, in the script “A Beautiful Mind” movie. In the analysis phase, the discussion will be arranged into several sections in which each section will be attached quotations in accordance to the theory as well as the elaboration of these quotations.

4.1 Intrinsic Elements

4.1.1. Character

Sudjiman in Lukman, 1995:30 states that “Tokoh adalah individu yang mengalami peristiwa atau pelaku cerita, sedangkan penokohan adalah penciptaan antara tokoh”The character is a person who takes a part in the story, while the characterization is creation of the figures. The figures can be divided into two types, which is the main character and the additional character. The main character is a character who experiences many events in the story while the additional character is a character who takes a few part in the story. The main character in the script “A Beautiful Mind” is John Nash. a John Nash John Nash is described as an arrogant man who is proud of his cleverness. It is showed when he refuses to follow the class because he thinks that the class just wasted his time and makes his brain dull. Van neumann: “Good day, Mr.Nash. Care to join?” Nash looks up, apparently startled by their presence. Nash: “Classes dull the mind and destroy aunthentic creativity. No offense.”Goldsman, 2000:9 Nash also is described as a loner and shy. It is showed when he is embarrassed to socialize with people, because he feels that people does not like him. He becomes a loner. He chose to be alone in his room or in the library to study, rather than hanging out with his friends. Nash: “I do not make friends. Van Neumann: “Why not?” Nash: “Apparently I am an asshole.” Goldsman, 2000:17 b Alicia Larde She is described as a patient and faithful wife. It is showed when she always gives support to her husband. Even though she is injured and his son almost died because of her husband, she is still faithful to accompany her husband. Aliciaover: “Rosen said to call if you try to kill me or anything.” Nash: “Alicia” Alicia: “Do not. I am scared and I need you to tell me everything’s okay and you are awful with words so just do not.” What he does, he reaches out and takes her in his arms, holding fast, holding on to her for dear life. Goldsman, 2000:102

4.1.2. Conflict

Conflict is a problem that arises from the character of the story. Whether it is between itself or a group of people. In the script “A Beautiful Mind” movie is described about the beginning of the conflict is the psychological experience of the main character. John Nash as the main character in this movie has a mental disorder; schizophrenia. It makes John nash has a several abnormal behavior, such as hallucinations and delusions. His abnormal behavior gives the impact for his life. It is showed when he cannot express his emotions, he almost kills his baby, and he cannot sosialize with other people.

4.1.3. Plot

The plot which includes in the movie script “A Beautiful Mind” is progressive plot. The story starts with young Nash who started the first days of lectures at prestigious university, Princeton University in 1947 and ended when he was receipt the nobel prize in 1994.

4.2 Extrinsic Elements

4.2.1. The Abnormal Behavior of John Nash

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder which is often characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to recognize the reality. This disease makes the sufferers difficult to express their emotion. The patients with this disease become people who are isolated, detached, apathetic and hallucinatory. Kaplan, Sadock Grebb in Fausiah Fitri, 2005 states that schizophrenia is divided into several types, such as paranoid schizophrenia,catatonic schizophrenia, disorganized schizophrenia, undifferentiated schizophrenia, residual schizophrenia and hebefrenik schizophrenia. The characteristic of paranoid schizophrenia are hallucination and delution. The main characteristic of katatonik schizophrenia is psychomotor disorders which include: motoric immobility; excessive motoric activity, extrem negativism and mutism. The main characteristic of disorganized shizophrenia are scattered in talking, disorganized and inappropriate behavior. And hebefrenik schizophrenia is marked by acting like a child and whimpering. We can identify a person suffering schizophrenia from their abnormal behavior. Their abnormal behavior can be seen from the two symptoms such as, positive and negative symptoms. Negative symptom is an action that does not bring adverse impacts to the environment, while positive symptom is an action that starts an impact on the environment. a Positive symptomps Based on the explanation above, the writer know that the positive symptom of schizophrenia is the emergence of hallucinations and delusions. This happens to John Nash. He has hallucinations which can make sudden rages and imagine meeting with people or places that are not real. Hallucination is a false perception or assuming something is real when in fact it is only a fantasy. John Nash experiences hallucinations meeting with three people who actually does not exist, namely Charles Herman his roommate. Charles: “The prodigal roommate arrives.” Charles begins stripping as he speaks. Nash stares in wonder as off come his jacket and bow tie. Nash: “Roommate?” Goldsman, 2000:4 William Parcher government agency. Voiceover: “Professor Nash...” Standing on the path is a single figure. Slim black suit. Man: “Big brother at your service.” Nash inspects the Department of Defense photo ID and badge, embossed with a government seal. Meet William Parcher. Nash: “So, what can I do for DOD?” Parcher is leading Nash away from the main RAND building, deeper into the fenced off military compound. Parcher: “Impressive work at the Pentagon.” Goldsman, 2000:32 And Marcee Charles Herman nephew. Nash sits under a tree, marking up another magazine. A little girl Marcee,9 walks up to him. Marcee: “What ya doin?” Nash look up at her. Nash: “I am attempting to isolate patterned recurrences across periodicals across time. And you?” Marcee: “Chasin’pigeons. You talk funny, Mr. Nash.” Nashfrowning: “Do I know you?” Marcee: “My uncle says you are very smart but not very nice so I should not pay you no mind if you are mean to me.” Nash: “And who might that uncle be?” Voiceover: “The prodigal roommate returns.” Nash looks up and standing over him is Charles. Nash grins. Goldsman, 2000:50 There is also a secret lab, soldier and also the code number that is placed on his hands. It is found in the movie script page 33-37: ”They have arrived at a warehouse at the end of the row. New windows, a fresh coat of paint. A soldier standing guard salutes.”Goldsman, 2000:33 Technician: “This may be uncomfortable.” The machine makes contact with John’s arms and hisses. Nash: “What the?” The technician lifts the machine, shines a black light over John’s wrist. In a fresh welt above his wrist we see a series of numbers. Because of his hallucination, John Nash almost kills his baby. He gives the baby to his hallucination figure because he wants to close the window. While in reality the baby has been sunk in the bathup. Nash: “I have almost got it. Charles, hold the baby up. Make sure he does not slip into the bath.” Follow alicia as she rushes into the room, past John’s startled expression, and freezes in the open bathroom door. Alicia: “No” The baby is in the tub. Alone. The water is almost up to his chin, seconds from drowning. Alicia moves with lightning speed, grabbing her child up and into her arms. Alicia: “Precious baby, precious boy.” Nash: “Charles was watching him. He was okay. Charles was watching him.” Alicia: “Do not you get it yet? There is no one here.” Goldsman, 2000:96 The dialogue above showed John Nash’s abnormal behavior, speaking to himself, is caused by his hallucination. This hallucination has impacts on his environment. That is why hallucination can be categorized as positive symptom. In John’s case, there is also delusions. Delusion is an understanding which is strongly held but inaccurate, which continues to exist even though the evidence shows it has no basis in reality. John Nash has 3 delusions such as, delusions of persecution, delusions of grandeur, and delusions of influence. Delusions of persecution is the understanding that the individuals or certain groups are being threatened or are planning to harm him. In the movie script, it is mentioned that there are some people who make John Nash always suspicious and scared of all things because he thinks he is being sought, followed and monitored. “The two men at the bar are watching Nash again. This time,when they catch his eyes, they move off.”Goldsman, 2000:41. John raises the drawn blind a bit and peeks out. Out the window. A black sedan. An identical car pulls up beside it. A shadow inside the first car points towards John’s apartment. A beat. John lets the shade fall again. He turns now to face his wife and wailing child. Nash: “They are out there” Alicia: “Who is out there?” John just stare at her. When his voice comes, it is soft. Nash: “Go to your sister’s” Alicia: “John, what is going on? Please, you have got to talk to me.” Nash: exploding “Go. Now. Get out” John rises and slams the door. He sits back at his desk, peers again out the window, then hugs himself, rocking slighly. Goldsman, 2000:61 Because of this delusion, John Nash often locks himself in his room and turns off the lights due to his fear of people who are always watching him. He also ever yells at his wife because she turns on the lights. Nash sits, his back to us, in the dark, staring into space. Aliciaover: “John” She flicks on the light, standing now in the doorway, a three month old infant swaddled in her arms. Nashspinning: “Turn it off”. We see his face now, unshaven, cheeks hollow, eyes wide. Nashshouting: “Turn off the light” He is up fast, slamming his hand on the wall, extinguished the light. His fast moves have scared the baby who has begin to wail. Goldsman, 2000:61 From the dialogue above it is known that John Nash angry at his wife as his wife turns the light on. He feels there is a group of people spying his house. He turns the light off to make them assume that he is not being home. The second delusion is delusions of graunder. Delusions of grandeur is the understanding that they have an advantage and strength as well as being an important person. John Nash thinks he is the best secret code-breaking and spy or secret agent. Nash actually smiles. Nash: “Constantly.” Nash moved to the wall prepared with code. General: “We have developed several ciphers.” But Nash raises his hand, silencing the officer. He stands still, just staring at the numbers. Then Nash begins to whistle. Push in on Nash’s eyes. In the black ocean of his pupils, the reflected rows of code begin to move, forming shifting patterns. Pull back on Nash, still staring at the wall. Hours have passed, folks sitting, jackets hanging on chair backs, coffe cups empty. Nash-Pov. Series of numbers darken as others rise, a cascade of rapidly changing patterns, endless permutations until.... Nash: “There.” Goldsman, 2000:26 And the last is delusions of influence. This is the understanding that outside forces are trying to control your thoughts and actions. In the movie script showed that John Nash requires to kill his wife, indicate that he was a genius, and when he is convinced that he is a person who is not meaningful. This is all controlled by friends of his own hallucinations. Alicia: “I am calling Rosen. You need help.” That is when William steps into the doorway. Parcher: “You have got to stop her, John.” Nash: “What?” Aliciablood draining: “Who are you talking to?” Parcher: “We can not afford to let her slow us down again.” Nash: “Alicia, please. Put the phone down.” Alicia: “John, you are scaring me.”Goldsman, 2000:98 From the dialogue above the writer knows that Nash’s wife has witnessed the peculiarities of self-John Nash, so she wants to call the doctor to examine Nash, but the hallucinations of Nash said that his wife had to know all the secrets of Nash and will report it to the police and make Nash go back to the hospital. His hallucinations asks Nash to stop his wife. It makes Nash become confused and panicked. b Negative symptomps The negative symptoms of this disease is the difficulty of the sufferer to feel and show their emotional feelings. The sufferers also becomes someone who is apathetic. In John case, his negative symptomps is seen through the motor symptoms which can be seen from the strange facial expressions and typical followed by movement of the hand, fingers and arms strange, and language disorder, emotional disturbance, the presence of social withdrawal and any pressing events that make John almost depression. Nash is at the bar with Becky, the blond co-ed. The two stand there in awkward silence. The moment stretches on. Finally... Becky: “Maybe you want to buy me a drink.” Nash appraises her clinically. When he speaks now, his word have a deliberate quality that belies their speed. Nash: “Look, I do not know exactly what things I am required to say in order for you to have intercourse with me. But could we assume I have said them? I mean essentially we are talking about fluid exchange, right? So, we could go right to the sex?” Becky: “That was so sweet” She slaps him across the face. Becky: “Have a nice night asshole.”Goldsman, 2000:15 The dialogue above showed that John have a language disorder. He wants to talk to the woman but the sentence of him makes her feel abused. So finally he gets a slap. In the next page also shows that John Nash has a strange facial expression. “Alicia is doing the dishes. John stands staring at the kitchen table. He lifts a napkin, toys with it curiously, like an alien come to earth for the first time”Goldsman, 2000:87. In the movie sript page 17, showed the social withdraw of John Nash. Van Neumann: “Human connection gives us perspective. Friends.... Nash: “I do not make friends. Van Neumann: “Why not?” Nash: “Apparently I am an asshole.” The dialogue above showed that John Nash cannot interact socially as people in general, he does not like other people and assumes other people do not like him so that he only has a few friends. In the movie script page 11, it is showed that the event make John feel oppressed. Nash does not answer, concentrates on his play. Milnor: “What if you lose?” And with that Milnor makes a deft move and takes the game. Nash sits there. Stunned. Nash: “You should not have won. The game is flawed.” Milnor: “Ah, the hubris of the defeated.” Nash is furious, sweeps the board with his hand, rises and walks away. Milnor smiles, shakes his head. From the dialogue above, John Nash is described as an arrogant man. He cannot accept his defeat while playing the game with his friend because he thinks he always be a winner. So when he loses, it makes him feel depressed and assumes that the game is wrong.

4.2.2. The Causes

of Schizophrenia of John Nash From the previous chapter, it is not clearly discussed the causes of schizophrenia, but from some previous studies, it is known that schizophrenia is often caused by genetic factors and environmental influences. According to Prof. Dadang Hawari: Symptoms of schizophrenia cannot even show up at all, but if the condition of the environment it supports someone antisocial then schizophrenia find fertile land2009. The movie script starts the story when John Nash studies in Princeton Unversity in 1947, the writer cannot know whether the causes of this disease is due to genetic factors or not. So the writer takes the data about his childhood from his biography. In his biography, John Nash tells that he is the first son of an engineer who loves science, John Nash Sr. and Virginia Martin, daughter of a physicist who works as a teacher in her hometown. John Nash’s parents do not carry disease schizophrenia. Not long after the birth of John Nash, his sister was born, Martha. Their childhood is different. Martha is friendly. She likes to play with her friends. Different with John who likes to play alone in his room. John is also often spacing out while in class. In 1937 was published the bestseller of E.T Bell, Men of Mathematics, which contains the stories of the mathematician who is able to attract the attention of John who was then aged 14 years. Not long after, the Japanese attacked pearl harbor and World War 2 arises. John imagines that the Japanese soldiers will attack their city, and blow up the train, and he is the only one who able to solve their password. In high school, in chemistry examination, the problems needs to be written by other children on the paper, but John just looks at the formula and find the answers that apparently already stated in his brain. Thanks to all this brilliance, John finally gets a scholarship. It can be said the causes of John Nash got a schizophrenia is not affected from genetic factors. So what are the things that make him could have schizophrenia? The following discussion: a Id Id is the most basic form of human desire. It consists of human desires which are still pure, unfiltered by logic, norms and regulations. The principle of the id, is carrying out a human from unpleasant circumstances into favorable circumstances. This is also happened to John Nash. He lets his id to bring him from the state of which he is not fun by imagining and daydreaming alone. It makes him meet with hallucinations. In this case he imagined that he is a best code-breaking. So he is hallucinating works with the secret agent who asks him to cooperate in combating crime of Russian. It is found in the movie script page 80: Nash: “I am going to tell you everything, now. I am breaking protocol. But you have got to know. You have got to help me get out of here.” John rubs his wrist. Nash: “Damn implant a beat I have been doing top secret work for the government. There is a threat of catastrophic proportions. I think the reds must think I am too high profile to simply do away with. So they are trying to keep me here. So I can not do my work.” Alicia is staring at him, fighting back the tears. Nash: “Go to RAND. You have got to get in touch with William Parcher. He can-“ Aliciatoo loud: “Stop Just stop” Folks in the room stare. Nash sits back, stunned. Alicia gathers herself. Takes a breath. Alicia: “John, I have been to RAND. There is no William Parcher.” b Super Ego Super Ego is the ideal of the human ego. It serves as a controller id, so that the form of the super ego is the more controlled action following the logic and the existing normative regulations. Since childhood, John Nash prefers to play alone in his room rather than with his friends, so he has difficulties to socializes with the surrounding environment. He does not understand how to socialize well, therefore, when he speaks with his friends he always feels unwelcomed and finally he mentions the mistakes of them and then he starts to withdraw himself. It is found in the movie script page 3. Milnor: “I will take a white wine.” Nash: “Excuse me.” Milnor: “A thousand pardons. I simpy assumed you were the waiter.” Fox: “Play nice Milnor.” Shapely: “Nice is not Milnor’s strong suit.” Milnor: “An honest mistake. What with those war ration shoes...” Nash’s outfit does look off the rack compared to Milnor’s couture. Nash: “It is not your first mistake. I read your brief on Nazi ciphers” With that, Nash offers a slight nod, turns and walks off. Fox: “Who was that masked man?” Milnor: “Gentlement meet John Nash. The mysterious West Virginia genius. The other winner of the distinguished Carnegie scholarship.” c Ego Ego is a combination of the id and super-ego. It is manifested through the attitude displayed by us everyday. The behaviour of ego depends on the supporting elements. It works by filtering the id and super ego, balances them in order to reach the midpoint of the opposition in both. In the case of John Nash, the embodiment of his ego can be seen from the behavior which is reflected as the result of psychological disorders received. d Compulsive Obsession Obsession compulsive is a condition in which a person has the ideas and the desire to do something that is usually excessive and cannot be suppressed. John Nash is obsessed with mathematics. He thinks he can make discovery that will break the earlier theories. He also refused to learn in class, because he thinks learning in class only makes the brain becomes dull. He prefers to self-taught outside the classroom because he thinks he can get the original idea and increase his creativity. It is found in the movie script page 9: Horner: “My name is Lew Horner and I will be your teacher. Welcome to Mathematics in Thought and Action.” He glances at the empty chair. Then at his roster. Horner: “Where the hell is...Nash?” Milnor looks out the window. Follow Milnor’s gaze into... Milnorover: “He is looking for his original idea” Nash is on his bicycle riding around the courtyard in figure eights, eyes half-closed, students scattering as he goes. Van Neumann: “We study games to study strategic behaviour in conflict...” Fox pushes into the group. Van neumann: “Thank you for stopping by Mr. Fox. Put simply, the study of games is the study of war...” over a whistling rises, crystal clear. Beethoven’s moonlight sonata. All return to reveal Nash, walking backwards past them. Van neumann: “Good day, Mr.Nash. Care to join?” Nash looks up, apparently startled by their presence. Nash: “Classes dull the mind and destroy aunthentic creativity. No offense.” Van neumann: “None taken” Milnor: “John’s going to stun us all with his original idea.” Nash is very obsessed with math, so he continues to study in his room. He even writes formulas in the glass window of his room and at the university library. He is very focused on his lesson, he forgets the time to sleep and eat. It is found in the movie script page 13: Track past the librarian, past oak tables and green reading lamps, find Nash drawing on the large circular window over the campus. Charlesover: “You have been here two days” Nash turns to find Charles behind him. John looks exhausted. Nash: “Milnor just published another brief. And I have come up with nothing” Charles walks to the glass, appraises Nash’s work. Charles: “Hell, no. You invented window art” Nash gestures to the first pattern. Charles: “When the last time you ate?” Nash stares at him blankly. Charles: “You know food?” e Anxiety Anxiety that occurs in John Nash happens because he does some important things which is secret. It makes him always anxious. He is worried about being watched, being observed, and being pursued or sought after by someone. It is found in the movie script page 63-65: John stands on stage, a blackboard scrawled with numbers behind him. He is speaking, staring out into the audience. Nash: “...And so we see that conventional number theory breaks down in the face of relativistic exploration.....” Nash’s voice trails off. A couple of men have entered at the top of a stairway, wearing overcoats and hats. Nash: “Sometimes, our expectations are betrayed by the numbers...” Nash voice trails off again. Another man has emerged at the top of the other stairway, also in overcoat and top hat. Nash: “Excuse me.” Nash is staring at the young graduate student in the front row. Nash: “Is there another way out of here?” The two men are on him in a second, grabbing him, restraining him. Nash: “Get away from me. Do not you think I know who you are?” Rosen approaches, pulling a hypo from a case in his coat. Nashshouting: “Help Somebody please.” Folks are watching. At the top of the steps, Charles and Marcee have emerged. John spots them. Nash: “Charles. Help. They are Russian spies.” f Depression Depression is a mood disorder, prolonged emotional condition that characterizes the whole mental process thinking, feeling and behaving a person, appearing feelings of helplessness and loss of hope, which is accompanied by feelings of sadness, loss of interest and excitement. John Nash finally gets a new discovery, but the discovery is rejected by his professor. It makes him lose of hope to achieve his goal. He continues to seek the answers from his mistakes. He even bangs his head against the window because he is depressed of being unable to find the answer. It is found in the movie script page 17-19. Van Neumann: “The faculty is completing mid year reviews. We are making preliminary placement recommendations.” Nash: “RAND would be my first choice Sir. Van neumann stares at him incredulously. Finally, shakes his head. Van neumann: “The game is clever, John. But your fellows have attended classes, written briefs, published papers.” Nash: “I am still searching for.” Van neumann: “Youre original idea. I know. softening We had such high hopes for you. Nash stands, forehead againts the picture window, staring out. The glass is covered with elaborate wax patterns. Nash: “I can see it, come on, come on...” Nash cracks his head, hard, on the glass, spiderwebbing the window. Charlesover: “Jesus....what did that window ever do to you?” John turns to him now, the despair on his face palpable. Nash: “I can not fail. Do you understand?” John slams his head into the glass again, hard. Charles: “John, stop.”

4.2.3. John Nash’s Treatments in The Process of Recovery from

Schizophrenia So far, there is no medicine found for schizophrenia, but on some cases, schizophrenia can be treated in several ways. From some sources, it is known that the ways of healing schizophrenia is by doing biological therapies. Biological therapy is a treatment in which the use of antipsychotic medications, electroconvulsive therapy, and surgery of the brain Atkinson, et al., 1991. Then it also can be healed with psychotherapy, and humanistic therapy. In John Nash cases, at the end of the story in the movie script showed that John can recover from his illness, and he can live like a normal person. He even gets the Nobel Prize because of his invention. So, what the efforts in the treatment of mental disorder by John Nash? The answer can be found in the following discussion. John Nash is diagnosed with schizophrenia, when he is bringing his seminar on the Harvard. He is caught by a psychiatrist, Dr. Rosen and is taken to a mental hospital. John Nash realized that he suffered from schizophrenia, that the things that happens and he sees is a hallucination. There, he was given insulin shock and the medication. It is found in the movie script page 76-83: Rosen: “You still think I am a Russian spy?” Nash: “You still want to pretend you are not?” Rosen: “You are a rational man. Let me appeal to your rationality. Why do you think I did not see Charles and Marcee in my office?” The nurse places a plastic bit in his mouth. Lifts the hypo. Rosen: “What kind of hell would that be?” Alicia touches the divide as the nurse swabs John’s arm, looks to Rosen for the nod. She puts needle to flesh. Alicia turns away. INT.-TREATMENT ROOM See Nash as his body arches into the agony of insulin shock, eyes rolling up, screaming throught the bit as we pull back and up... over Nash’s growled scream. We continue up, higher and higher, Mclean dissapearing in the first falling storm of snow until the world is a wash of white. The next treatment process is the support from the surrounding environment. His wife, Alicia, is never tired to provide support to John. She remains faithful to accompany John and always assures John that he can recover from his illness. Although Alicia has already been expelled by John to go away, because John does not want Alicia get hurted by him. Alicia still chooses to live with John. It is found in the movie script page 102-103. Nash: “But whatever you do, I think Rosen’s right about one thing. You should not be here. I am not so safe anymore.” Alicia stands in the doorway. Staring at her husband. Alicia: “Would you have hurt me, John?” A figure races past behind her, like a ghost, startlingly fast, then gone. He looks up at his wife. Nash: “I do not know.” Nash has to look away. How else to blink back the water brimming in his eyes? When he looks up, she is gone. Hold on Nash as he lets his head fall into his hands, palms talking the weight of his defeat. Push in on this sigle figure. Alone. Aliciaover: “Rosen said to call if you try to kill me or anything.” Nash: “Alicia” Alicia: “Do not. I am scared and I need you to tell me everything’s okay and you are awful with words so just do not.” What he does, he reaches out and takes her in his arms, holding fast, holding on to her for dear life. The support from his friends who visits him to assure John that he will be cured and should be back works together. His friend also tries to tell to him, that this life is not just for working. But there are many other things they can do. It is found in the movie script page 86-87. Nash sits on the porch swing, staring at a pad of equations, pen in hand. Fox climbs the porch steps. Fox: “Hey, Chief.” Nash look up. He seems pale, drawn, as if part of him has gone missing, been replaced by shadow. Nash: “Finally, a little respect.” Fox: “Have you been to campus? Milnor’s running the math department.” Nash: “God, do not tell him what happened to me. He will have finally won.” Fox gives a sad smile. Fox: “I have missed you, John.....there are other things beside work.” John stares at him. Nash: “What are they?taps his temple This is who I was.” And the last treatment is the effort and intention of recovering from Johns own self. John finally realizes that the events that happen just his hallucinations. He tries to get healed, when the hallucinations starts talking to him, he thinks it is not real and he begins to disregard them. John begins to want to socialize with other people, such as starting to re-learn in the classroom with his friends. It is found in the movie script page 112-113. Nash: “You are the one who is not real.” He tears the clipping down. William looks him right in the eyes. Parcher: “You see us. We see you. Who is to say?” Still holding his gaze, Nash tears another clipping from the wall. Nash: “I am” A professor comes to the doorway, stops to stare at this odd man on his knee, kissing thin air. Nash rises, turns to the Professor. Nash: “I was wondering if I might audit your class.” Professor: “I am sorry, you have to be enrolled.” The young professor’s eye narrow. He seems suddenly flustered. Professor: “Oh, of course. Dr. Milnor mentioned. It is... it is an honor sir.” John is about to step over the threshold of the door. He stops. Professor: “Is something wrong?” Nash: “It is my first class.” When he met new people, he will ask the people who are already familiar with him, about whether the person is real or just imaginary. It is found in the movie script page 121. Manover: “Professor Nash?” A man is standing by the doorway. This is Howard Khun. Nash’s smile is polite., but vaguely puzzled. Turns to one of his students. Nash: “Do you see him?” The student nods. Nash: “You will forgive me. I am always suspicious of new people.”

4.3 Findings

From the analysis of the above problems, it is known that John Nash suffers schizoprenia type paranoid. In which paranoid schizophrenia is characterized by delusions, and hallucinations. John has delusions, where he is always feels anxious and suspicious of people who are watching him and will catch him. From the above analysis, it is also found that the causes of a person affected by schizophrenia can be various. It can be from the genetic factors, environmental factors, or trauma factors in childhood. In the case of John Nash is found that the causes he got schizophrenia are from the psychological factors of him, such as: 1. He is a loner, because he suspicious of others people and consider them as an enemies 2. He can not express his emotions 3. He has obsessed with mathematics and makes the other important things are forgotten 4. He always detachment or does not want to get along with others 5. He likes to daydreaming and fantasizing 6. He has excessive anxiety 7. He does not want to be blamed or always feel right From the above analysis, the writer also finds that John Nash can recover from his mental disorders due to the treatment of the hospital, the support from his family, and the effort and intention from himself. CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion