Statistical Analysis ANALYSIS OF THE DATA

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CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS OF THE DATA

4.1 Statistical Analysis

As has been previously mentioned in Chapter I, in this statistical analysis the writer employed the percentage descriptive analysis using a simple formula : ∑ = ∑ E x 100 ∑ T Where X = The percentage of mastering E = Various kinds of mastering T = Test item ∑ = The sum of In this step the writer had 60 computation of such percentage of mastering since the study involved 60 respondents. The following table is the computation of the percentage of mastering the question tags made by 60 students. Table3. The percentage of question tags mastery made by 60 students Number of Subject ∑ E ∑ Test Item Percentage of Mastery 1 2 3 4 1 83 90 92 2 78 90 87 3 84 90 93 4 78 90 87 5 76 90 84 6 76 90 84 40 Number of Subject ∑ E ∑ Test Item Percentage of Mastery 7 68 90 76 8 75 90 83 9 63 90 70 10 72 90 80 11 73 90 81 12 74 90 82 13 75 90 83 14 82 90 91 15 75 90 83 16 83 90 92 17 86 90 96 18 74 90 82 19 82 90 91 20 79 90 88 21 82 90 91 22 82 90 91 23 86 90 96 24 81 90 90 25 80 90 89 26 69 90 77 27 75 90 83 28 78 90 87 29 74 90 82 30 75 90 83 31 79 90 88 32 72 90 80 33 41 90 46 34 34 90 38 35 24 90 27 36 45 90 50 37 70 90 78 41 Number of Subject ∑ E ∑ Test Item Percentage of Mastery 38 42 90 47 39 29 90 32 40 42 90 47 41 57 90 63 42 44 90 49 43 32 90 36 44 43 90 48 45 47 90 52 46 51 90 57 47 54 90 60 48 70 90 78 49 51 90 57 50 63 90 70 51 52 90 58 52 55 90 61 53 45 90 50 54 46 90 51 55 67 90 74 56 61 90 68 57 63 90 70 58 35 90 39 59 55 90 61 60 50 90 56 ∑ 3837 5400 4265 In order to make the readers understand clearly about the table, the writer gives a brief explanation about it, as below: a. The first column is the subject number. There were 60 respondents participating in the test. 42 b. The second column is the sum of various level of mastery by each respondent out of the 90 items or the sum of the correct answers. c. The third column is the sum of the test items which is 90 d. The last column is the percentage of mastery that is derived from the number of the correct answers by the students divided by go times 100.. The next step was to carry out analysis of the mastery of question tags in order to find out the dominant mastery of question tags. In this analysis the writer used the Pre selected Category Approach favored by Atherton 1977 in which the statistical computation is based on Gulo’s formula: Pi = fi x 100 n Where Pi = the proportion of frequency of occurrence of mastery; fi = absolute frequency of a partial type of mastery of a level; n = the total number of possible mastery. Related to mastery of question tags, the writer divided into seven kinds in using question tag to be analyzed: a. Simple present tense statement with ‘do’ b. Simple present tense statement with ‘does’ c. Simple past tense statement with ‘did’ d. Present continuous tense statement with ‘are’ e. Present continuous tense statement with ‘is’ f. Past continuous tense statement with ‘was’ g. Past continues tense statement with ‘were’ 43 In order to find out the proportion of occurrence of mastery as a whole, the writer computed it using Gulo’s formula as follow: Pi = fi x 100 n Where Pi = the proportion of frequency of occurrence of mastery as a whole; fi = absolute frequency of a partial type of mastery of all the levels; n = the total number of possible mastery of all the levels;. The computation of Pi can be shown as follows: Pi = fi x 100 n = 3837 x 100 5400 = 71.05 Thus, the final step was to identity the degree of dominance of a particular mastery. Any mastery if the degree of dominance pi-PI is plus + it means that the mastery is dominant. On the other hand, if pi-PI is zero or minus - it means that the mastery is less dominant. There fore, the result of the computation of the degree of dominant mastery can be described in a table as shown as below: Table 4. The degree of dominant mastery of question tags I The use of Question Tags in statement Items N Mastery of Question Tag Pi – PI fi Pi Simple present tense statement with ‘do’ 12 720 524 72.8 1.75 Simple present tense statement with ‘does’ 19 1140 820 71.2 0.15 Simple past tense statement with ‘did’ 8 480 396 82.5 11.45 44 The use of Question Tags in statement Items N Mastery of Question Tag Pi – PI fi Pi Present continues tense statement with ‘are’ 15 900 576 64 -7.05 Present continuous tense statement with ‘is’ 20 1200 859 71.6 0.55 Past continuous tense statement with ‘was’ 7 420 295 70.2 0.85 Past continuous tense statement with ‘were’ 9 540 378 70 -1.05 The explanation about the table above can be seen below : a. The first column is the number of the level of the use of question tags in statement. b. The second column is the sum of items for each predicted mastering. c. The third column n is the total number of possible mastery of the level and it derives from the sum of the items for each level times the total number of test items which is 90 d. The fourth column fi, is the absolute frequency of a partial type of mastery of the level. e. The fifth column Pi is from the absolute frequency of partial type of mastery of a level divided by the total number of possible mastery of the level times 100. f. The last column is pi-PI. PI is taken from the absolute frequency of types of mastery of all levels divided by the total number of possible mastery of all the level times 100. 45 From the table above, we can see that there are two levels whose degree of dominant result in positive. They are the mastery of question tag in simple present tense statement with ‘do’ 1,75 and in simple past tense statement with ‘did’ 11,45. Whereas, there are five levels whose degrees of dominant result in negative including the use of question tag in simple present tense statement with ‘does’ 0.15, in present continues tense statement with ‘are’ and ‘is’ -7.05 and 0.55, and in past continues tense statement with ‘was’ and ‘were’ 0.85 and -1.05. It means that there are two dominant mastery levels that students made on the use of question tags in many kinds of statement, and there are five dominant in mastered levels that student made on the use of question tags in many kinds of statements. The computation also shows that there are 71.05 is the frequency of occurrence of mastery in question tags as a whole. Table 5. The degree of dominance Mastery of question tags II The use of Question Tag in statement Items N Correct Answer Wrong Answer Total Percent Total Percent 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Simple present tense statement with ‘do’ 12 720 524 72.8 196 27.2 Simple present tense statement with ‘does’ 19 1140 820 71.2 320 28.8 Simple past tense statement with ‘did’ 8 480 396 82.5 84 27.5 Present continuous tense statement with ‘are’ 15 900 576 64 324 36 Present continuous tense statement with ‘is” 20 1200 859 71.6 361 28.4 46 The use of Question Tag in statement Items N Correct Answer Wrong Answer Total Percent Total Percent 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Past continuous tense statement with ‘was’ 7 420 295 70,2 125 29,8 Past continuous tense statement with ‘were’ 9 540 378 70 162 30 The explanation about the table above can be seen below: a. The first column is the number used of the question tags in statement. b. The second column is the sum of item for each predicted mastery c. The third column is n is the total number of possible mastering of the level and it derived from the sum of the item for each level times the total number of the test items which is 90.

4.2 Non-Statistical Analysis