14
tak perlu banjir tangis, tak perlu terisak isak, memerosotkan nilai cinta kita,
sama seperti orang kebanyakan. So, the writer concludes that in the aesthetic translation, the translator does
not only focus on their attention of the accomplished information problems, but also on the impression, feeling and emotion matter.
6 Ethnographic translation
It is the translations that aim paying full attention of the structural background of the author and recipient and to take into account differences
between SL and TL. Example
: They wanna be anti COD rebels like yo. Mereka mau jadi gerilyawan anti polisi sepertimu.
From the example above, the writer concludes that in the ethnographic translation, translator tries to explain the cultural contexts of Source Language
into Target Language, and also he has to able to find the equal word in the Target Language.
2.3 Principles of Translation
Duff 1989:10 describes that there are six general principles, which are relevance to all translation, namely: meaning, form, register, source language,
influence style and clarity and idiom. First is meaning according to Cruise Surya Winata 1989: 21-24. There four
main types of meaning in words and utterances; there lexical meaning, grammatical meaning, contextual meaning and socio cultural meaning. The
15
translation should reproduce accurately meaning in the original text. It is to be carried over from the SL to the TL.
The second principle is form, translation is complicated process which translator concerns with transferring the meaning from SL to TL. But differences
in language structure often require changes in the form and order of words. This is particularly important in translating in legal document, guarantee, contracts, etc.
Third is register, language of differ greatly in their level of formality in a given context: linguistics, cultural and situational and can not be translated in
isolation, source language influence is fourth principle that it may express a concept, which is totally unknown in the target language, the concept in question
may be abstract of concrete it may relate to a religious belief, a social custom, or even a type of food.
And then, fifth is style and clarity. The translator should not change the style of the original types. The sixth idiom or idiomatic expression that these two terms
can be used interchangeable.
2.4 Problems of Translation
Soemarmo 1990: 10 says that the first difficulty in translating that a translator will face the difficulty of linguistic problem in meaning. In relation to
the problem of meaning, Suryawinata 1989: 21-22 states that: “Makna memegang peranan paling penting dalam terjemahan. Makna ini dapat berupa
makna leksikal, makna kontekstual, makna situasional dan makna sosiokultural”. Moreover, Baker 1992: 86 suggest that if the Target Language lacks of
16
grammatical category which exist in the Source Language, the information expressed that category may have to be ignored.
From the explanation above, it can be conclude that the translation should pay attention to the different of language system and the culture between the
Source Language and the Target Language. The text and the translator’s competence also influence the result of the translation.
2.5 Process of Translation
