Nia Kurniawati, 2014 Perceived self efficacy vs actual teaching performance : A case in teaching writing
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
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classrooms, six students who were active in the classrooms during the classroom observations were choosen purposively to be interviewed. They were interviewed to
find out their opinions about the teaching performance of the lecturer. The students were also asked to compose two texts in the first and in the last
classroom observations. This was to find out their writing performance in average and also the common problems they faced in writing.
3.2.3. Research Instruments
This study collected data from different instruments, namely questionnaires, nonparticipant classroom observations, semi-structure interviews and documents
analysis. Each technique is elaborated below. 3.2.3.1. Questionnaire
Brown 2001: 6 cited from Dornyei, 2003: 6 states that questionnaires are any written instruments that present respondents with a series of questions or
statements to which they are to react either by writing out their answers or by selecting from among existing answers. Meanwhile, Thomas 2003: 66 argues
that questionnaire is typically used in a very general sense to mean any printed set of questions that participants in a survey are asked to answer, either by
checking one choice from among several possible answers listed beneath a question or by writing out an answer.
The questionnaire in this current study was adapted from the Teaching Writing Self-Efficacy Scale Hughey, 2010. Originally, it consisted of thirty five
items and used Likert scale. But after it was tried out to five English instructors, they found that some items were unclear, and some were not suitable for the
present research context. The unclear and unsuitable items were deleted. Finally, for the purpose of this research, the rest of ten items were modified into an open-
ended form Fowler, 2002. To gain personal and academic information about the
