Discriminating Power Kinds of Item Analysis

good data as information about students’ performance. Also, it can help make improvement for the next test. Anthony J. Nitko explains several important uses of item analysis stated below: 100 1. Determining whether an item functions as teacher intends Teacher can know which items function properly by analyzing them through difficulty level and discriminating power activity. A good item must be in moderate level and differentiate the upper group from the lower group well. 2. Feedback to students’ performance and as a basis for class discussion In this issue, students’ errors can be corrected and they can know how their performance on each item is marked. Also, the items that are felt difficult for most of them can be discussed in the class. 3. Feedback to the teacher about pupil’s difficulties It means that item analysis may provide teacher with the points of teaching that needs reinforcement and remediation. So, she can focus the instruction on both the group and the individual more efficiently. 4. Area for curriculum improvement If the certain items which cover a particular point of material are difficult for students continuously or certain kinds of errors occur often, it may not be test maker’s fault. A more extensive revision of curriculum may be needed. 5. Revising the items Information abo ut students’ responses to item can be used to revise it. The good items can be reused for future testing, the rests which are not good need revision. 100 Anthony J. Nitko, Educational Test ..., p. 284-286. 6. Improving item writing skills By analyzing the items continually and knowledge about the way students respond to them should increase the item-writing skills of test maker or teacher. 41

CHAPTER III THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RESEARCH

This chapter discusses and presents background of the study, limitation of the problem, formulation of the problem, objective of the study, significance of the study, and method of the study.

A. Research Methodology

1. Purpose of the Study

The research is done to measure the quality of the English Summative Test for the second grade of SMP Negeri 13 Tangerang Selatan at the odd semester 20102011 and to know the difficulty level of each item.

2. Place and Time of the Study

The research was conducted at SMP Negeri 13 Tangerang Selatan. This is located on Jl. Beruang II Peladen Pondok Ranji, Ciputat, South Tangerang, Banten 15412. The writer did the research from May 23 rd up to 30 th , 2011. The writer took the English Summative Test question paper and the students’ answer sheet of the second grade at odd semester academic year 20102011 to be analyzed.

3. Population and Sample

The population of this research is the second grade students of SMP Negeri 13 Tangerang Selatan academic year 20102011. The total number of the students is 371, which is divided into nine classes. The writer took