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CHAPTER III THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RESEARCH
This chapter discusses and presents background of the study, limitation of the problem, formulation of the problem, objective of the study, significance of the
study, and method of the study.
A. Research Methodology
1. Purpose of the Study
The research is done to measure the quality of the English Summative Test for the second grade of SMP Negeri 13 Tangerang Selatan at the odd
semester 20102011 and to know the difficulty level of each item.
2. Place and Time of the Study
The research was conducted at SMP Negeri 13 Tangerang Selatan. This is located on Jl. Beruang II Peladen Pondok Ranji, Ciputat, South
Tangerang, Banten 15412. The writer did the research from May 23
rd
up to 30
th
, 2011. The writer took the English Summative Test question paper and the students’ answer sheet of the second grade at odd semester
academic year 20102011 to be analyzed.
3. Population and Sample
The population of this research is the second grade students of SMP Negeri 13 Tangerang Selatan academic year 20102011. The total number
of the students is 371, which is divided into nine classes. The writer took
25 of the total number of the second grade students as a sample because the population is more than 100 subjects.
1
The 25 sample of this population is about 93 students. The writer used a random sampling to get
the students’ answer sheet. The writer took the students’ answer sheet randomly so every student in population is considered as the same subject.
4. Method of the Study
This research is categorized as descriptive analysis because it is intended to describe the difficulty level of the English Summative Test for
the second grade students of SMP Negeri 13 Tangerang Selatan at odd semester 20102011 by analyzing the difficulty level of its each item. This
research is also considered as quantitative research because the writer used some numerical data which is analyzed statistically.
5. Instrument of the Study
The writer used two instruments, which are: a.
Students’ answer sheets b.
English Summative Test question paper for the second grade of SMP Negeri 13 Tangerang Selatan at odd semester academic year
20102011 The writer used English Summative Test for the daytime class,
academic year 20102011, which was conducted on Thursday, December 9th 2010, from 12.30 to 14.30 p.m. The test consists of 45 items.
6. Technique of Data Collecting
The writer used documentary study as the technique of data collecting in this research. He collected the English Summative Test question paper
for the second grade of SMP Negeri 13 Tangerang Selatan at odd semester academic year 20102011 and the students’ answer sheet to be analyzed.
1
Suharsimi Arikunto, Dasar-Dasar Evaluasi Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT. Bumi Aksara, 2006, p. 134.
7. Technique of Data Analysis
To analyze the difficulty level of each multiple choice item, the writer used quantitative method by using the formula:
In which: TK
: Index of difficulty U
: The number of students in the upper group who answer the item correctly
L : The number of students in the lower group who answer the
item correctly T
: The number of students in upper and lower group
2
For analyzing the difficulty level of each short-answer item, the writer took all the students’ answer sheets and used the formula:
3
Then, the writer tried to find out the difficulty level of whole items in the English Summative Test for the second grade of SMP Negeri 13
Tangerang Selatan at odd semester 20102011 by using the following formula:
2
M. Ngalim Purwanto, Prinsip-Prinsip dan Teknik Evaluasi Pengajaran, Bandung: Remadja Karya, 1986, p. 153.
3
Zainal Arifin, Evaluasi Pembelajaran, Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya, 2009, p. 135.
U + L TK =
T
The total of student’s score for each item Mean
= The number of students
Mean Index of difficulty =
Maximum score of each item
In which: P
: Difficulty level for whole items b
: Difficulty level of each item
Σ : Sigma Total
N : Total number of test items
4
Finally, it must be interpreted by the table of difficult level range as follow:
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B. Research Findings
1. Data Description
The writer used the English Summative Test for the second grade students of SMP Negeri 13 Tangerang Selatan at odd semester 20102011
and the students’ answer sheets. The total number of test items are 45 items. 40 items belong to multiple choice item and the rest are short
answer item. He divided the 93 students into three groups which are upper, middle,
and lower group. However, he only used two groups of students to analyze
4
Asmawi Zainul and Noehi Nasoetion, Penilaian Hasil Belajar, Jakarta: PAU-PPAI, UT, 1993, p. 153.
5
Suharsimi Arikunto, Dasar-Dasar Evaluasi Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT. Bumi Aksara, 2006, p. 210.
Interpretation P
Difficult 0.30
Moderate 0.30
– 0.70 Easy
0.70
Σ b
P = N
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