B A B II L A N D A S A N T E O R I
2.1 A plikasi
A p lik a si ata u p ro gra m a p lika si a d alah p ro gra m y a n g d itu ju ka n u n tu k m e n ye le saik a n s u atu p er m as ala h a n d ala m a p likasi terte n tu H a rto n o ,
2 0 0 2 :3 9 8 .
2.2 Sistem P a k ar
2.2.1 D efinisi Sistem P a k ar
Expert systems are computerized tools designed to enhance the quality and availability of knowledge required by decision makers in a
wide range of industries. They augment conventional programs such as databases, word processors, and spreadsheet analysis B o ss,
1 9 9 1 . M e n u ru t M u h a m m a d A rh a m i 2 0 0 5 :9 siste m p a k ar expert
sistem m eru p a ka n
p a k e t p era n g k a t
lu n a k ata u
p a k e t p ro gra m
k o m p u te r ya n g d itu ju k an se b a ga i p e n ye d ia n a sih at d an sara n a b an tu d ala m m e m e c a h ka n m a sa la h d ala m b id a n g-b id a n g sp esialis a si terten tu
se p erti sain s, p ere ka ya s a a n m a te m a tika, ke d o k tera n , p e n d id ika n d a n se b a ga in ya .
K o m p u ter ya n g
d e m ik ia n d a p at
d ijad ika n se p erti
k o n su lta n ata u te n a ga ah li d i bid a n gn ya H arto n o , 2 0 0 3 :8 3 8
10
S iste m p a ka r se n d iri m eru p a k a n p ro gra m artificial intelligence ya n g
m e n g ga b u n g k a n p a n gk a la n
pe n ge ta h ua n knowledge base
d en ga n siste m infere n si. In i m eru p a k a n b a gia n software sp e sialisa si tin gk a t tin g g i ya n g b eru s a h a m e n d u p lik a si fu n gsi s e o ra n g p a k a r d ala m
su atu b id an g k e a h lia n S u p arm a n , 1 9 9 1 :9 9
2.2.2 C iri-ciri Sistem P a kar
M e n u ru t Jo gia n to H arto n o 2 0 0 3 , 6 , ad a e n a m ciri d a n k ara k teristik s iste m p a kar ya itu :
a. P e n ge ta h u a n
siste m pa k ar
m e ru p a k a n su atu
k o n s e p, b u ka n
b erb e n tu k n u m e ris. H al in i d ik are n a k a n k o m p u te r m e la k u ka n p ro se s p en go la h an data s ec ara n u m e rik s e d an g k a n k e ah lia n d ari
se o ran g p a k a r a d alah f a kta d an atu ra n -a tu ra n, b u ka n n u m e rik. b .
In f o rm a si d ala m sis te m p a k ar tid a k s elalu le n g k a p , su b ye k tif, tid a k k o n sisten , su b ye k teru s b eru b ah d a n terg a n tu n g p ad a
k o n d isi lin gk u n ga n s e h in g ga k e p u tu s a n ya n g d ia m b il b ersifat tid a k p a sti d a n tid a k m u tla k “ ya ” atau “tid a k” a ka n te ta p i m e n u ru t
u k u ra n k e b e n ara n
terte n tu . O le h
kare na itu
d ib u tu h ka n k e m a m p u a n
siste m un tu k
b elajar sec a ra
m a n d iri d ala m
m e n ye le saika n m a sala h -m a sa lah
d en ga n p ertim b a n ga n -
p ertim b a n ga n k h u su s. c.
P e n a n ga n a n so lu si b ersifat fle k sib el. d .
M u d a h d im o d ifika si.
11
e. T id a k a da ja m in an b a h w a so lu si ya n g d is a m p aik a n a d alah p asti
b en ar, k aren a s u m b e r p a k a r a ka n m e n ya m p a ik a n so lu si ya n g su b ye k tif.
f. K e p u tu s an ya n g d ih asilk a n d ih arap k a n m e m ilik i a k u rasi ya n g
b aik w a la u p u n s o lu sin ya su lit s eh in g g a f a silitas in f o rm a si siste m h aru s selalu d ip erlu k a n .
S e n a d a d en ga n
ke tera n ga n d i ata s, M u h a m m a d
A rh a m i 2 0 0 5 ,2 3 m e n era n gk a n sifat siste m p a ka r se c a ra u m u m se b a ga i
b erik u t : a.
M e m iliki inf o rm a si
ya n g h a n d al, b aik
d ala m m e n a m p ilkan
la n gk a h -la n g k a h an tara m a u p u n d ala m m e nja w a b p erta n ya a n - p erta n ya a n te n tan g p ro ses p e n yele saia n.
b . M u d a h d im o d ifika si, yaitu d e n ga n m e n a m b a h atau m e n gh a p u s
su atu ke m a m p u a n d ari b asis p e n geta h u a n n ya . c.
H e u ristik d ala m m e n g g u n a k a n p e n ge tah u a n n ya ya n g s erin g k a li tid a k se m p u rn a u n tu k m e n d a p atka n p en ye le saian n ya .
d . D a p at d igu n a ka n d ala m b e rb a ga i je n is k o m p u te r
e. M e m iliki k e m a m p u a n bera d ap ta si.
2.2.3 A rsitektu r Sistem P a kar
Kategori