Data Collection RESEARCH METHOD

28

a. Kakaq tesuruq lalo be-langar isiq Inaq.

sister PASS-ask go go.to.funeral Prep mother ‘Sister asked to go to the funeral by Mother. b.Ariq tesuruq be-langar lalo isiq Inaq. brother PASS-ask go.to.funeral go Prep mother ‘Brother asked to go to the funeral by Mother.’ 29

a. Inaq nyuruq Ariq oleq mandiq.

mother ACT-ask brother go.home N.take.a.bath ‘Mother asks Brother to return home for a shower.’ b.Inaq nyuruq Ariq mandiq oleq. mother ACT-ask brother N.take.a.bath go.home ‘Mother asked Brother to go home having a shower.’ Clause 28-a is a dependent serial verb construction in which only one of the verbs carries all the inflections, while the others are given their bare form. In this clause, the first verb has prefix te- in tesuruq ‘asked’, the second verb lalo ‘go’ is in the bare form, and the third verb has prefix be- in belangar ‘go to the funeral’. Clause 29-a is a co-dependent serial verb construction by a shared argument and as such the parts of the construction depend on each other. The OBJ of the first clause as matrix clause Ariq ‘Brother’ is the SUBJ of the second clause as subordinate clause. The pattern of deixis verb and action verb cannot be exchanged. In other word, deixis verb must before action verb which stating a goal. The changing position of those two makes this ungrammatical as in clause 28-b and clause 29-b.

4.1.2. Directional Serialization

Directional serial verb constructions have two semantic components, path or location related to directional meaning and manner related to motion Talmy in van Staden and Reesink, 2008: 38.In Sasak, directional serial verb is formed by the first verb as a motion verb and second verb as a directional verb. In this case, Zwarts in Subiyanto, 2013: 91 stated that directional serial verb can be divided into three: source path, goal path, and route path. Based on transitivity of motion serial verb, directional serial verb is divided into two kinds, motion serial verb which is formed by motion intransitive verb and motion transitive verb. 30 Papuq lalo be-daye. grandfather go go.to.the.north ‘Grandfather is going to the north.’ 31 Jauq kanak-kanak no be-lauq endah. take child=RED DEF go.to.the.south also ‘Bring the children to the south with you.’ In clause 30, the motion verb lalo ‘go’ is followed by a directional verb bedaye ‘go to the north’. In clause 31, transitive verb jauq ‘take’ precedes the directional verb belauq ‘go to the south’. Clause 30 and 31 are dependent serial verb constructions in which only one of the verbs carries all the inflections, while the others are given their bare form. In this clause, the first verbs lalo ‘go’ in clause 30 and jauq ‘take’ in clause 31 are in bare form while the second verb has prefix be-. The verbs that form directional serial verb constructions have an independent syntax. In other words, those verbs can stand alone as serial verbs in a clause, as seen in the following clauses: 32 Nie eaq lalo sogol lampaq 3-S PROJ go out walk SHe will go out walk 33 Tiang ndek be-daye be-lauq be-bat be-timuq 1-S NEG to the north to the south to the west to the east I am not go to the north to the south to the west to the east