Research Design RESEARCH METHOD

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

In this chapter, the writer would like to discuss the description and explanation of the research method and the procedures of collecting data. It describes research design, population and sample, data collection methods, and data analysis procedures.

3.1 Research Design

This research was conducted by using qualitative approach. Creswell 2014:69 defines qualitative approach as “approach for exploring and understanding the meaning individuals or groups ascribe to a social or human problem”. Qualitative research tries to understand and interpret human and social behavior by participants in a particular social setting. This approach involves asking participants broad, general questions, collecting the views of participants, and analyzing the collected information for exploring and understanding a central phenomenon. The result of qualitative research design according to Ary et al. is a narrative report, that you can understand the social reality experienced by the participants 2009:23. From the explanation above, qualitative research is a research design that involves exploring the views of informants, analyzing the information to understand the human and social behavior in a specific situation. In 40 order to attain the purposes of the research, the present study adapted aspects and features of a case study research design. Case study is a kind of qualitative research design that focuses on a single unit, such as one individual, one group, one organization, or one program Ary et al. 2009:29. The “unit” can be an individual, a group, a site, a class, a policy, a program, a process, an institution, or a community. It is a single occurrence of something that the researcher is interested in examining. According to Ary et al. 2009:452 case studies can answer descriptive questions or attempt to explain why something happened by looking at a process. They are particularistic focused on a particular phenomenon, situation, or event, descriptive providing as an end result a thick rich description, and heuristic focused on providing new insights Ary et al., 2009:452. Considering the aspects and features of a case study design, it can be inferred that adopting a case study research design will prove effective in realizing the purposes of the present study. The purposes of the present study are to identify the kinds of phonic interference of first language into second language and also to find out if there is any relation between language family and the number of phonic interference.

3.2 Population and Sample