CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH
3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN
In analyzing the data, the writer uses a qualitative descriptive method. In the qualitative method, analysis begins when the data collected. This method explain
about how understanding structure and pattern from the data. Observing the data to understand the phenomenon of what is experienced by the subjects of the research
such as behavior, perception, motivation, action, etc Moleong, 2007:6. Having the ability to understand language that used by the author in novel to analyzing the data
and the world that author is created in the form of words and language. Because in this thesis, the writer uses novel to get the data and observe the data.
The data that observed by the writer is about symbol. To understand more about symbol or symbolism, the writer uses a method approach because just using
the qualitative method too difficult to get the deep explanation or interpretation about symbol. Because symbol itself has complex meaning; it has not only literal
meaning, but also additional meaning beyond the literal. Sometimes the literal meaning of a symbol is absurd, so that the symbolic meaning over-rides and cancels
out the literal meaning. A symbol may have more than one meaning. In fact, the most significant symbols do convey an indefinite range of meanings. That s why the
writer uses semiotic method approach. Semiotic is derived from Greek, Smione , which called a sign. Semiotic is a study about the process of sign, significance,
communication, signs and symbols. According Sergers 2000:4 , semiotic is a study
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that investigate and observe all aspects about communication that happens with some signs and sign system.
This thesis focuses on the symbols that hidden and have deep meanings that potrayed in the novel as words and pictures. So in analyzing the thesis, the writer
uses intrinsic approach to analyze structure of the text and context of the text itself.
3.2 Data and Source of Data
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