Problem Formulation Objectives of the Study

2. “Possessing the Secret of Black Womanhood: Reading African Women in Alice Walker‟s Possessing the Secret of Joy, The Color Purple, and Warrior Marks ” by Nontsasa Nako In Nako‟s thesis, Nako discusses Walker‟s works regarding to postmodernism. She wrote to represent African women towards African tradition and the immigration from Africa to America. Nako does not just talk about women that Walker presented in her work, but also relates it to the African women in reality. Nako uses a female character in the novel to use it as the stereotype of woman that Walker presents in her book. She analyses the representation and the tradition of female circumcision. She argues that, when national and cultural differences are sacrificed for sisterhood and solidarity based on a superficial universalisation of racial and gender oppression, the totalising, discursive tendencies that many critics objected to in second wave mainstream feminism are replicated Nako, 2004: i. Nako shows that the sisterhood of women, who share the thing in common, is influenced by the culture or tradition where they belong. Nako also makes a comparison between Walker‟s The Color Purple and Possessing the Secret of Joy to see the African identity and the African American identity. It can be seen that there is an unequal position where the African American identity is superior to African identity. She analyses more on the representation of female African people. In this research, the researcher focuses on the tribal tradition. This research uses postcolonial approach to see the tradition and the revealing identity crisis as the effect of hibridity. This work also talks about African identity, but it is related PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI to the female circumcision tradition. It does not focus on the representation of African women and womanhood. 3. “Alice Walker: A Literary Genealogist” by Paege Alessandra Moore Moore relates W alker‟s work towards the previous writer who has the same writing style with Walker, such as Zora Neale Humon. She states that both of them have the same theme in several literature works of them. Walker draws on the precedent set by Hurston; as a result, similar themes reappear in Walkers work, including: the use of American vernacular; focus on womens roles within the African American community; female sexuality within the context of womens achievement of personal growth, individuation, and the desire for control over their sexual and physical selves Moore, 1998:1. She makes a research on the connection between Hurston and Walker work of literature. The way Walker brings the female protagonist of the story, being the struggling one against the patriarchal system. Walker, also, consolidates the female on the story, thus they can make sisterhood over the problem they have shared. This research differs from Moore‟s research because this research uses only Possessing the Secret of Joy without examining Walker‟s writing style. The tribal tradition is the main thing being discussed. The researcher focuses on the close reading of the novel, rather than relate to the outer world of the work. Relating to the tribal tradition, this work uses postcolonial theory. It is to see the tradition and the revealing idea of Tashi‟s identity crisis. This theory is also preferred because there are some issues in the novel, such as hegemony, racism, miscegenation and otherness Huggan and Tiffin, 2010: 135. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI