Instruments and Data Gathering Technique

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E. Data Analysis Technique

After gathering all of the data from the instruments of the research, the researcher then analyzed the data to answer the questions of the research. The data gathered from the research participants were interview and questionnaire results. Those data helped the researcher find the answer of the research questions. 1. Interview From the recorded interview result, the researcher knew deeper about the classroom and students’ condition directly from the teacher of the conversation class. There were shown things that existed in the classroom and the things that needed some improvements. The researcher used the result of the interview as the means to reflect what things needed by the classroom and students in the future. 2. Questionnaire Then, the researcher used the questionnaire result from five material design experts. Those questionaire results were used as the consideration in material validation. The researcher analyzed the result of closed form of the questionnaire into range of mean from respondents ’ response on the closed form question. The mean was gained as follows. ̅ ∑ ̅ : mean : score ∑ : sum n : number of participants 42 Then, the result of open-ended questions of the questionnaire was analyzed into descriptive form. It was used as the consideration in revising and improving the designed materials.

F. Research Procedure

The research began after the researcher completed her Program Pengalaman Lapangan PPL in SMP Taman Dewasa Jetis Yogyakarta. At that time, the researcher was responsible in teaching the seventh graders of class VII.2. From the PPL moment, the researcher also introduced to one of the school’s extracurriculares, English conversation class. The course has been running for two years, it was designed for the seventh and eight graders. The one that interested the researcher was that there was some students that were not really comfortable and courageous in expressing their idea through English spoken language. The problem was shown from the students’ presentation in front of the class. Most of them found difficulty in constructing correct and good sentence and expression as expected by the teacher. As a result, more than 50 of the students did not answer the question correctly and confidently. The researcher then could make a conclusion that the root of the problem was on the students’ speaking ability, especially in constructing sentence. After finding the problem and its root, the researcher then planned the solution for the classroom. In this research, the researcher thought that one of the best techniques that should be used in teaching speaking practice or conversation class to this classroom is by using games. Using games was assumed as the better 43 teaching technique rather than only having lecturing activity like they usually had. The games here are used as the interesting means for teaching the students since it has entertaining side. The games also contain certain activities that required students’ movement or physical skill development. The contents of the designed materials are believed to be suitable to the students’ characteristics. Then, the researcher presented the proposal of the research to the supervisor. The research proposal then was being evaluated by the supervisor. There were any revision drafts for the researcher to work on. After all of the revision and final draft of the research proposal had done, the supervisor then gave permission for the researcher to start the research at school. By having the allowance, the researcher could get the permission letter from Sanata Dharma University to do research at school. Then, the researcher asked for permission to the headmaster of SMP Taman Dewasa Jetis Yogyakarta. In designing and developing the materials, the researcher used RD cycle proposed by Gall, Gall, and Borg 2007 as the base. In this model, there were ten cycles included. Otherwise, this research summarized them into five main steps. The steps include 1 needs survey, 2 planning, 3 material development 4 material validation, and 5 revising. In the first step, the researcher collected the data from the students and the teacher of the conversation class. The data and information were mostly gathered by having interview with the teacher of the conversation class and the questionnaire that was distributed to the students of the class.