Research Method Research Participants

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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the methodology used in the study. It consists of six parts. The methodology includes research method, research participants, research instrument, data gathering technique, data analysis technique, and research procedures.

A. Research Method

There were two problems to be solved as mentioned in chapter one. First, the research was aimed to find out the errors that the students of the English Language Education Study Program made in using the tenses. Second, the research was conducted to find out the mastery of the tenses of the students of the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University Yogyakarta. The study was a survey research. According to Ary, Jacobs, and Razavieh 2002: 374, survey is “a research technique in which data are gathered by asking questions of a group of individuals called respondents.” In the study, the writer used a test to gather the data. The test was administered to the third semester students of the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University Yogyakarta in the academic year of 20082009. From the test results, the writer tried to find out the errors that the students made in using the tenses. The writer also analyzed the mastery of the tenses of the students. 33

B. Research Participants

The subjects of the study were ELESP students. ELESP stands for the English Language Education Study Program. The writer chose the third semester students of the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University Yogyakarta in the academic year of 20082009. The reason why the writer chose them as the participants was because they had learned tenses. They were considered to have enough knowledge on the tenses during the first year studying on tenses in the English Language Education Study Program. Since their weaknesses were found at the beginning, it would be easier for the lecturers to do a remedial action. The writer would also like to measure how much the knowledge that they had during the learning processes in the English Language Education Study Program. The research was conducted in the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. Since choosing all the targets was considered time consuming, the writer used cluster sampling. It was easier to conduct and more efficient. In cluster sampling, the unit chosen is not an individual but a group of individuals who are naturally together Ary et al., 2002: 168. It meant that the writer chose the existing class in the English Language Education Study Program. Therefore, the writer chose three classes for the real test and one class for the pilot test among several classes of Structure class of the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University Yogyakarta in the academic year of 20082009. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 34

C. Research Instrument