20 c.
Conclusion: In this part, the speaker states the summary, the main points, and the follow up of the speech to the listeners. A conclusion
should be short and to the point. It should comprise from 5 to 10 percent of the total speech.
2.1.2.4 Teaching Speaking Skill
Teaching speaking skill should be done by the teachers in various activites. Teaching speaking can be done in some activities since there are some
different types of speaking. As has been discussed above, there are five basic types of speaking according to Brown 2004, namely
imitative, intensive, responsive, interactive, and extensive. In this study, the type which will be used is
the extensive type since the focus of this study is speaking activity which will be done individually by the students. This activity can be called as prepared talks.
According to Harmer 2005: 274 prepared talks can be defined as a popular activity that is used in speaking classroom. The students prepare their presentation
on a certain topic based on their own choice. The students also have to speak based on their own notes rather than from a script. Prepared talks are a useful
speaking genre because the students can develop their ideas in their speaking based on the notes. If this activity can be properly organised, it can be very
interesting for both the speaker and the listeners. In the prepared talks, the students can prepare their speaking by
determining the purpose and the ideas, and also organizing their speaking. Before the students decide their topic, they should determine the purpose of their
21 speaking. As stated by Koch 1995: 15, the purposes of speech or speaking are to
entertain, to inform, and to persuade . The topic or the ideas of the speech or
speaking is based on the purposes of the speech. The development of the speech can be made in some parts of the speech. As stated by Koch 1995, the parts of
speech organization are introduction, body, and closing. By having a good order of speech, the students are supposed to have a systematic order of the speech
content. In the prepared talks, the teacher also plays a role. The teacher should be
participate in the teaching learning activities and monitor the students. In this kind of activity, the teachers’ role is as a feedback provider. According to Harmer
2005: 274, as a feedback provider, the teacher should be able to give feedback, correct the students’ speech by carefully considering the effects of different
approaches. If the teacher gives feedback to the students in the middle of their speech, it will disturb them in continuing the speech or the communication. It is
better to let them finish their speech and allow them to assess what they have done. Then, the teacher gives the feedback to the students.
2.1.3 Mind Mapping Technique
