18 the organization of idea in speaking. The extensive monologue type
is the type which is used as the speaking activity. The students use monologue type as the speaking activity through the help of mind
mapping.
2.1.2.2 Determining the Purpose and the Ideas in Speaking
Everyone speaks or delivers speech with a certain purpose. The expectation of speaking is that people who are listening to others will understand
of what they are going to convey. According to Koch 1995: 15 there are some major purposes in speaking:
a. To entertain – to obtain pleasurable response, to evoke curiousity, to
provide interesting response, or to amuse the listeners. b.
To inform – to enrich or to add information to the listeners. c.
To persuade – to convince, to reassure, or to encourage After people have selected the purpose of speaking, they have to arrange
the central idea on what they are going to convey. The central idea is very important because it is the basic foundation of the content of their speaking. As
stated by Koch 1995: 19 that the central idea is the controlling idea of speaking, and it has a role as the key statement of the content of the speaking. Besides,
creating the central idea will give a big benefit to their speaking. According to Koch 1995: 20, creating the central idea as a complete sentence will help the
speaker to have an effective communication. The central idea is the key of improving their speaking effectively. Knowing how to determine the purpose and
19 the ideas in speaking is important since the purpose and the ideas are the main
things which the students should have before they speak or deliver their speech. In this study, determining the purpose and the ideas of speaking should be possessed
by the students before they practice a monologue speaking. Determining the purpose and the ideas can be done through the use of the mind mapping
technique.
2.1.2.3 Organizing Speech
In order to have a good organization of speech, the speaker should arrange and organize their speech in a clear way. A good speech organization will help the
listeners to understand the content systematically. As stated by Koch 1995: 57, there are three parts of speech organization, namely:
a. Introduction : This part is the beginning of the speech organization. An
introduction part should get the attention of the audience. In this part, the speaker should express the clear of the central idea and the reason
for listening. b.
Body: In the body part, the speaker deliver the message of the speech. The main points of the speech and the supporting materials are
presented in this part. This part is where the speaker’s message is presented.
20 c.
Conclusion: In this part, the speaker states the summary, the main points, and the follow up of the speech to the listeners. A conclusion
should be short and to the point. It should comprise from 5 to 10 percent of the total speech.
2.1.2.4 Teaching Speaking Skill
