34 based on the questionnaire.. The information of the instruments will be explained
as follows:
3.4.1 Questionnaire
According to Backstrom and Cesar 1981: 187, a questionnaire is one of the instruments which represent the physical form of all theories, hypotheses, and
hunches that have gone into the survey planning. In this research, the researcher used questionnaire in order to gain the students’ perceptions. In addition, this
study focused only on the students as the respondents. The questionnaire represented all of the theories and hypotheses of the study. In the questionnaire,
the researcher used two types of questionnaire, namely open-ended and close- ended questionnaires.
1. Close-Ended Questionnaire
Close-Ended questionnaire forms the questions in the multiple-choice questions. The respondents should choose the answer based on a number of
opinions Wiersma, 1995,p. 181. According to Frankel and Wallen 2008: 397 this type can be used to measure opinions, attitudes, and knowledge. Close-ended
questionnaire enhances consistency of response across respondents and it is easier and faster to tabulate.
For this research, the researcher used this type of questionnaire to gain the data of the research. The type of the questionnaire was in the likert scales form.
Allen and Seaman 2007: 2 define likert scales as a common rating format for surveys. Respondents rank quality from high to low or best to worst using five to
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seven levels
.
The questionnaire of the research consisted of thirty items which had to be answered by the students. The questionnaire used statements and there were
four options of ‘strongly agree’, ‘agree’, ‘disagree’, and ‘strongly disagree’ for each item. According to Allen and Seaman 2007: 2 scales are sometimes
truncated to an even number of categories typically four to eliminate the ‘neutral’ option in a ‘forced choice’ survey scale
.
The blueprint of the questionnaire will be shown in following parts.
Table 3.1 Blueprint of Questionnaire
Statements Category
1 In learning English with my teacher, I have known
mind mapping before. The previous experience
of using mind mapping
2 I have an experience of using mind mapping in any
subjects. 3
I have an experience of using mind mapping in English subject, especially in speaking skill.
4 I have an experience of using mind mapping to
help me in solving my problem in speaking English.
5 I find difficulties in speaking English.
The problem faced by the students in speaking
6 My English teacher gives me various types of
speaking activities. 7
I feel that conversation is easy to do. 8
I feel that speaking individually in front of the class is more difficult than doing conversation.
9 In preparing my speaking, I find difficulties in
deciding the purpose and the ideas of my speaking. 10
In preparing my speaking, I find difficulties in organizing my ideas.
11 In my speaking, I tend to repeat the same idea of
what I have said before. 12
I am not confident to deliver my speaking in front of the class.
13 I understand how to use mind mapping to organize
my ideas in speaking.
The process of using 14
I can make mind mapping from what have been taught by the teacher.
15 I can implement mind mapping to help me
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organize ideas for my speaking. mind mapping in
speaking 16
Before making mind mapping, I decide the purpose and the ideas of my speaking.
17 I put the central idea of my speaking on the center
of my mind mapping. 18
I develop my ideas of speaking by putting the sub idea on the branches of the mind mapping.
19 I use arrows to make connections within and across
the branch pattern. 20
I use only key word on each branch. 21
I make mind mapping creative and interesting. 22
I use my mind mapping to help me speak in front of the class.
Perceptions and implications of using
mind mapping in
speaking
23 Mind mapping helps me to prepare my speaking
well. 24
Mind mapping really helps me to develop the organization of ideas in speaking.
25 I become confident and motivated to speak in front
of class when I use mind mapping. 26
By using mind mapping, I can save much time to prepare and develop my ideas.
27 By using mind mapping, I can add new information
related to my speech easily. 28
I can improve my speaking well when I use mind mapping.
29 Mind mapping is easily implemented to prepare
and develop my organization of ideas of speaking. 30
Overall, I like to use mind mapping to develop the organization of ideas in speaking.
2. Open-Ended Questionnaire
Open-ended questionnaire allows more individual responses to the questions in the questionnaire since there are no multiple-choice for the answer of
questions. In this type, the respondents can express their answer more freely than in close-ended questionnaire. Meanwhile, according to Frankel and Wallen 2008:
397, open-ended questionnaire is sometimes difficult to interpret. Sometimes, it is also difficult to score since its various responses from the respondent.
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3.4.2 Interview
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