commit to user
41
preparing students, 2. Presentation or demonstration of certain skill, 3. Giving guided practice, 4. Giving feedback, 5 give individual task.
According to Zig Engelmann there are six phases of using direct instruction: 1. IntroductionReview, 2. Development, 3. Guided practice, 4.
Closure, 5. Independent Practice, 6. Evaluation.
mistake. Direct Instruction is also academic focus. It means that academic focus is one of the highest priorities on the assignment and completion of academic
tasks in the classroom. Joyce and Weil: 1986: 326.
1. The Advantages of Direct Instruction
a. The teacher has control of the timing of the lesson
b. Students are physically easy to monitor
c. Direct instruction refers to a pattern of teaching which consists of
teachers explaining a new concept to a large group of students where the way of the explanation is straightforward way where the teacher always
gives feedback and correction for mistake that students made. d.
The curriculum can be covered, so the teacher can say that heshe taught the material.
e. Some material should be taught this way. Any information for which
there is one right answer and for which that answer is relatively simple, can be taught efficiency and honestly by using direct instruction.
commit to user
42
2. The disadvantages of Direct Instruction
a. The teacher centrality is strong occurred in Direct Instruction. It makes
the students become passive in joining the learning process. Direct instruction demand not only teacher direction but strong teacher
direction. b.
Students do not have a sense of the overall purpose of the simple steps. However, if the teachers tell students the purpose, by using advance
organizers, this disadvantage is overcome. c.
Teac unaware of why particular students cannot learn.
d. Retention of how to solve the problem is low, because the students have
not struggled with the problem themselves. This disadvantage can be overcome by having the students do many complex problems on their
own. e.
Direct instruction as an instruction works for only a small percentage of students, not for a great variety. The students who have other than.
Based on the explanation above, it can be concluded that direct instructional is focused on the teacher, so the students have few time to increase
their ideas and creativity. It makes the students become passive in attending the learning process.
commit to user
43
D. Teaching Reading Using Clustering Compare to Direct Instruction
