Based on the table above, the writer obtained that there were 17 students who reached and passed the Minimum Mastery Criteria. Meanwhile, 8 students
did not reach it. For those who reached the Minimum Mastery Criteria were on number 3, 8, 9, and 25. On the other side, for those who passed the Minimum
Mastery Criteria were on number 1, 2, 5, 6, 10, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, and 24. It can be seen that the highest score was 85. Meanwhile, for those who did not
reach the Minimum Mastery Criteria were on number 4, 7, 11, 12, 14, 16, 21, and 22. It can be seen that the lowest score was 40.
B. The Data Analysis
Data of students’ achievement in reading divided into two kinds, they are the data before they learn reading through collaborative learning which is gained
from pre-test and the data after they learn reading through collaborative learning which is gained from post-test. The writer presented
the data about the students’ achievement in reading both before and after using collaborative learning. The
first, the writer presented the result of pre-test, post-test, and its differences. Then, the writer used the formula statistic calculation of t-test with significance 5 to
decide significance of different results in reading before using collaborative learning and after using collaborative learning.
In the following table, the writer presented the calculation results of tests and its differneces to know the effectiveness of collaborative learning towards
students’ ability in reading.
Table 4.3 The calculation results o
f students’ pre-test and post-test Students
Pre-test Post-test
Gained Score D D
2
1 65
75 10
100 2
60 70
10 100
3 55
65 10
100 4
35 40
5 25
5 70
75 5
25
Students Pre-test
Post-test Gained Score D
D
2
6 75
80 5
25 7
50 60
10 100
8 65
65 9
65 65
10 65
70 5
25 11
60 60
12 35
40 5
25 13
70 75
5 25
14 50
55 5
25 15
75 85
10 100
16 45
45 17
65 85
20 400
18 45
75 30
900 19
70 80
10 100
20 55
75 20
400 21
45 60
15 225
22 55
55 23
65 85
20 400
24 75
80 5
25 25
40 65
25 625
N = 25 Ʃ = 1455
Ʃ = 1685 Ʃ = 230
Ʃ = 3750
Average 58.2
67.4 9.2
150 Based on the data presented in the table above, it can be discussed that the
lowest gained score is 0 and the highest gained score is 30. Meanwhile, the sum of gained score is 230 and the sum of squared of gained score is 3750.
After finishing the calculation of pre-test and post-test, the writer used t- test formula to find out the effectiveness of using collaborative learning towards
students’ ability in reading. Before using t-test formula, the writer has to seek the
differences of mean variables, the standard deviation scores of variables, and the standard error mean of variables. The formula as follow:
a. Determining mean of variables
M
D
=
Ʃ
M
D
= = 9.2
b. Determining of standard deviation score of variables
SD
D
= √
2
SD
D
= √
2
SD
D
= √ = √ = √ = 8.08
c. Determining of standard error mean of variables
SE
MD
=
√
SE
MD
=
√
=
√
= = 1.65
d. Determining t
t =
t =
= 5.57
e. Determining degrees of freedom
df = N-1
df = 25-1 = 24
t table
5 = 2.06
}
5.57 2.06
f. 1. If t
t
t
: There is an effectiveness of Collaborative Learning between variables X and variable Y.
It means the null hypothesis H is rejected and the
alternative hypothesis Ha is accepted. 2. If t
t
t
: There is no effectiveness of Collaborative Learning between variables X and variable Y. It
means the null hypothesis H is accepted and the
alternative hypothesis Ha is rejected.
C. The Data Interpretation
Based on the result of calculation presented previously, it is known that the result of t
is 5.57, the degrees of freedom is 24 obtained from N-1 = 25-1. In this paper, the writer used the degree of significance of 5 = 2.06. Comparing
t with each score of the degree significance, the result is 5.57 2.06. Since t
score in table is higher than t
t
score obtained from the result of calculating, the alternative hypothesis Ha is accepted and the null hypothesis H
is rejected. As Sudijono stated that if the result of calculation t
t observation is higher than t
t
t table, so the null hypothesis H is rejected. It means the
alternative hypothesis Ha is accepted. Meanwhile, if the result of calculation t t
observation is lower than t
t
t table, so the null hypothesis H is accepted. It
means the alternative hypothesis Ha is rejected.
1
From the explanation above and refers to the Minimum Mastery Criterion Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal for English subject is 65, the writer can see that
using collaborative learning towards studen ts’ ability in reading is quite success
than without collaborative learning. It can be see n from the students’ scores
before implementing collaborative learning and after implementing collaborative learning. Before implementing the treatment, there are 12 students who have
reached and passed the Minimum Mastery Criterion, meanwhile 13 students have not reached it. After implementing the treatment, there are 17 students who have
1
Anas Sudijono. Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada. 2008. p. 308.
