C. Research Setting and Participants
The study involved the undergraduate students of English Letters at Sanata Dharma University in Yogyakarta, taking Sentence Writing class for Writing 1
course in the first semester of the 20132014 academic year. There were 151 students in total who were taking the course in the semester. They were divided
into four groups: A, B, C, and D, based on the class schedules they were taking. All of the students in the groups were experiencing the same learning process
using the
ELTGallery
website. The classroom activities took place in a computer lab and lasted for one hour per meeting.
As a survey study ideally requires a large size of sample Creswell 2012, the survey design using questionnaire in this study included all the 151 students as
the participants, so that the results clearly show the reflected application of the CALL principles in the web-based Sentence Writing class as seen from the
students‟ perspective. In addition, four students were chosen to participate in the interview. They were selected using
“convenience sampling”; in that, the interview participants were the ones who were willing and available to be studied
Creswell 2012: 145. To protect the student interviewees‟ confidentiality, they would use “pseudonyms” or “false names” Neuman 2006: 399: MD, LN, NP,
and SV. In testing the implication of the CALL principles application in enhancing
the students‟ learning achievement, however, one class out of the four Sentence Writing classes, i.e. Group A, was selected as the sample group to limit the
interfering variables and ensure the validity of the statistical test results. Based on the completion of the passage writing assignment submissions, there were 22
students of Group A who met the criterion as the test participants. As suggested by Arikunto 2002, with the total population more than 100 subjects, the number
of the sample used in a study can be about 10-15 or 20-25 of the total population. Related to this, 22 students were therefore still an adequate number of
participants for the statistical test.
D. Data Gathering Techniques
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