how the violations and the flouting create humorous situations in the situation comedy. The explanation of the method of the study covers the data collection and
data analysis.
1. Data Collection
The data in this study are the humorous utterances found in the second season of How I Met Your Mother situation comedy episodes 1 to 5 as the data
source. The writer only chose the humorous utterances of the characters which contain violation and flouting of conversational maxims in the situation comedy.
In here, purposive way was employed in collecting the data. The steps of how the data collection was done are explained as follows.
First, in order to understand the conversation more closely, the writer searched the script of the situation from the internet. Second, the writer read the
script while watching the situation comedy repeatedly in order to get the better understanding about the conversations. Third, in order to collect the data, while
watching the situation comedy, the writer highlighted the humorous utterances in the script which consist of violations and floutings of conversational maxims.
Fourth, after the humorous utterances were found, they were categorized based on violations or flouting of conversational maxims.
2. Data Analysis
There were several steps in analyzing this study. First, to solve the first problem in this study, the data were collected from the data source, which are in
the form of utterances. Next, Grice’s Cooperative Principle was applied in order to analyze the utterances; whether they were violated or flouted by the characters.
The writer found that the characters in the situation comedy were not being cooperative in the process of exchanging information in the conversation. It
turned out that they did not obey the theory of Cooperative Principle. Second, after the violations and flouts of conversational maxims were found in the
utterances, the theory of Grice’s conversational maxims was applied to the data. The theory of conversational maxims functioned as a tool in order to find out the
type of the violations and the flouting. After that, the writer categorized the violations and flouts of conversational maxims based on their types.
To solve the second problem in this study, humor theory was applied in order to know how the violations and the floutings of conversational maxims
caused the humorous situations in the situation comedy. Based on the theory of humor, humorous situations may appear when there are violations or flouts in
utterances Attardo, 1994: 271 – 276. Thus, the theory of humor was also
combined with the theory of Cooperative Principles and its conversational maxims. By linking these theories, it was concluded that the humorous situations
in the situation comedy were resulted from the existence of incongruity between expectation and real objects, hostility to the inferiors, and release of emotion
which were found in the conversations between the characters. The last step in analyzing the data was encoding each data based on its
types. The encoding of the data in this study is explained below: a.
The number of the data. The data in this study are numbered using Arabic numerals starting
from 01.
b. The types of the utterances which are categorized into violations or
floutings of conversational maxims. The data which are categorized into violations of conversational
maxims are given Vio as the code, which is the abbreviation of Violation. Meanwhile, the data which are categorized into floutings of
conversational maxims are given Flo as the code, which is the abbreviation of Flouting.
c. The types of conversational maxims which are violated or flouted by
the characters in the situation comedy. Each type of conversational maxim is abbreviated as follows:
i. Quan. is the abbreviation of Quantity maxim.
ii. Qual. is the abbreviation of Quality maxim.
iii. Rel. is the abbreviation of Relation maxim.
iv. Man. is the abbreviation of Manner maxim.
d. The types of humor strategies which create humorous situations.
i. Inc. is the abbreviation of incongruent idea.
ii. Hos. is the abbreviation of hostility.
iii. Rls. is the abbreviation of released emotions.
Here are the examples of the data codes:
01VioQualHos The code above means that the data is number one. Vio means that the
data is categorized into a violation of Conversational Maxim. Qual means the types of conversational maxim which is violated is the maxim of Quality. Hos
