31
The writer processed the data by looking the mode result. Mode is the most frequent score in distribution. From the most frequent score, it showed
whether the respondents agree or not with the opinions. The designed materials are appropriate if the score of the mode from the questionnaire was above 3.50.
The designed material needed a revision if the score of the mean is below 3.50.
F. Research Procedures
In creating a valid and reliable data for instructional design of writing material for SMP Negeri 2 Mlati, the writer made the steps in the certain ways.
The procedures can be explained as follows: 1.
Research and Collect the Information In this step, the writer got some need analysis information from the
observation during the writer did PPL in the SMP Negeri 2 Mlati. The writer did the interview to the teacher in this school and distributed questionnaires to the
eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Mlati for data gathering. 2.
Planning After the writer got the result of need analysis, the writer started to
determine the goal, topic and general purposes. It was aimed to make a framework so that the writer can choose the appropriate activities for learning process.
3. Product Developing
In this step the writer was ready for the materials, teacher guides, files of PowerPoint that contains of learning activities and evaluation devices. The writer
started to design the materials by using PowerPoint as a media.
32
4. Evaluating
The writer conducted an evaluation on the materials by distributing the questionnaire to the teacher of SMP Negeri 2 Mlati and to two lecturers of Sanata
Dharma University in the English Language Education Study Program. The
questionnaire was distributed to identify whether the designed materials are appropriate for students of SMP Negeri 2 Mlati or not.
5. Revising the Designed Material
In this step the writer arranged the better material based on the opinions, and suggestions of the participants.
33
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH RESULT AND DISCUSSION
In this chapter, the writer presents the result of the study. There are two parts to discuss in this chapter. The first is the process of designing the materials.
The purpose of this part is to answer the first question of the study. The second part concerns with the designed materials. The writer shows the process of the
designed materials. This part is aimed to answer second question of the study. In addition, the writer shows the final presentation of the designed materials which is
made from evaluation.
A. The Process of Designing the Materials
The writer combined two instructional design models, which were Dick and Carey’s and also Kemp’s. The elaboration of the model is discussed as
follows.
1. Conducting Research and Information Collecting
The research and information collecting was conducted by interviewing and distributing questionnaires. The interview was addressed to English teacher of
SMPN 2 Mlati and the questionnaires were addressed to the eighth grade students
of SMPN 2 Mlati. a.
Students’ need based on the questionnaires given to the students The questionnaires were distributed to the students on September 1, 2012.
There are four classes of eighth grade. The teacher suggested to collect the data
