CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 The Background of Analysis
Nobody can deny the importance of language. Language is purely important as tools of communication. As human being, we need it to express our emotions, ideas, feelings, and
thought to other people by using sound, gestures, and signals. Language also indicates the existence of human being. Communication exists because of language, that’s why human
being cannot be separated from language. Language in discourse is primarily a social interactional phenomenon, so discourse analysis studies the language of utterances in relation
to it’s function in social interaction. When people speak or write, they produce text, the term ‘text’ refer to any instance of
language Halliday, 2004: 3.Human in society need to interact, to communicate or to show their ideas to the other. Every language has some rank scale of phonological constituents, but
with considerable variation in how the constituency is organized Halliday, 2004: 5. From those, its known that language plays a vital role in human life and it also has many
advantages of many various aspect of human life. Human has to stay along with language because human cannot interrelate without using language. By using language, human is able
to interact and communicate to each other in doing activities. The ideational function consist of logical and experiential function. The experiential
function is realized by transitivity system. Transitivity is structure of English clauses. Clauses can be seen to select for a process type Eggins, 2004: 57.
The process consist of: 1.
Material Process
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The process of doings and happening, in which a participant, i.e. ‘a thing’, is engaged in a process of doings, which may involve some other participant.
2. Mental Process
The process of sensing, in which a participant, i.e. a conscious being or thing, is engaged in a process of seeing, feeling, or thinking, which may involve some other
participant. 3.
Relational Process The process of being, whose central meaning is something is attribute, identity
4. Behavioural Process
The process of behaving, which may be exemplified by the process of breathing, dreaming, smiling, etc.
5. Verbal Process
The process of saying. 6.
Existential Process The process of expressing that something exits or happens.
In the concept of transitivity found in Halliday 1994: 107 there are three components of what Halliday calls a transitivity process:
The process itself realized by a verbal group
Participants involved in the process realized by a nominal group
Circumstances associated with the process realized by adverbial group or
prepositional phrase Jakob Grimm born January 4, 1785 and Wilhelm Grimm born February 24, 1786,
they were the oldest surviving sons of Philip Grimm, a lawyer who served as Hanau’s town clerk. The brothers first attended school in Kassel, Germany and then they began legal studies
at the University of Marbugh. In 1808, Jakob was named court librarian to the King of
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Westphalia in Wilhemshole, Germany. In 1816, he became librarian in Kassel where Wilhelm had been employed since 1814. They were to remain there until 1830 when they
obtained positions at the University of Gottingen. There are around 210 short stories of Brothers Grimm but in this thesis I only use 3 of them because I assume they are represented
enough. This thesis only concerns with one component of the metafunction functions that is
the ideational meaning. Ideational meaning consist of a system which called the Transitivity. The system of transitivity is a presentation of meaning in a clause.
1.2 The Scope of The Analysis
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