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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Place and Time of the Study
The Classroom Action Research CAR went on from January up to March. The research takes place at SMP Al-Kautsar BKUI Jakarta which is
located Jl. Jembatan Selatan no. 06, Petogogan, Kebayoran Baru. The writer holds CAR in this school. The writer thinks that it is important to improve students’
vocabulary mastery and the student’s achievement in English.
B. Research Method and Design
The research method which is used is classroom action research CAR. CAR is viewed as a device to improve the quality of teaching learning ability in
the physical classroom. Beside of solving diagnosed problems in conditional classroom activity, CAR also helps the teacher through any new methods, skills,
and strategies through pair-teaching between the researcher and the teacher as collaborative study.
1
It means that this method can help quality of teaching learning ability and solve real problems in the classroom through new methods,
skills, and strategies through collaborative between researcher and teacher. Creswell said that CAR is the practical design which explores a problem
with an aim toward developing a solution to a problem, and also action research designs are systematical procedure done by the teachers or other individual in an
educational setting to improve their teaching, and their students learning.
2
It means that teachers have an aim at improving the practice of education by
studying issues or problems they face, and teachers reflect about these problems, collect and analysis data, and also implement changes based on their findings.
Meanwhile Wallace stated that CAR is a type of classroom research that the teacher found the problem in order to solve problems or to find answers toward
1
Suharsimi Arikunto, et al., Peneltian Tindakan Kelas, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2009, pp. 106
—108.
2
John w. Creswell, Educational Research, Pearson Educational International, 2008, pp. 596
—597.
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context-specific issues.
3
It means that to begin the CAR, the researcher or the teacher needs to identify any real problems which are found in the classroom
concerning students’ condition in teaching-learning process. In this Classroom Action Research, the writer used Kurt Lewin’s design.
Kurt Lewin’s design for Classroom Action Research consists of four phases within one cycle. Those are planning, acting, observing, and reflecting.
4
Teacher might probably find a new problem or the previous unfinished problem yet after
implementing first cycle. If it happens, it is necessary to continue to the second cycle in line with the same concept of the first cycle.
Cycle 1
Cycle 2
Figure 3.1 The Kurt Lewin’s Research Design
Adapted from Suharsimi ArikuntoPenelitian Tindakan Kelas: Bumi Aksara 2009
3
Michael J. Wallace, Action Research for Language Teachers, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006, p. 15.
4
Arikunto, op. cit., p.16.
Planning Acting
Observing Reflecting
Acting Planning
Observing Reflecting
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Based on the design above, the researcher uses two cycles and every cycle has 4 steps as follow:
1. Planning
The writer planned some actions based on the research goal. The writer prepares learning scenario and the instrument for research, such as teaching aid,
observation form and evaluating test.
2. Acting
The second step of the cycles is acting which is implementation of the planning. The writer and the teacher collaborated to overcome the solution
finding. The teacher becomes an observer in learning activities when the writer uses the determined strategy.
3. Observing
The third step is observing students’ activities and observing general
condition of class in teaching learning process in order to gather relevant data. The writer who assisted the teacher to note all the things occurring teaching-
learning process which covers the implementation of the classroom condition, and students’ responses during teaching-learning activities.
4. Reflecting
In this step, the results of collecting data and analyzing data by the researcher, whether the next cycle need to be continued or not. Meanwhile the
research will be stopped if require these criterions.
C. The Subject of the Research
The subject of this research is the second grade students of SMP Al- Kautsar BKUI Jakarta, which comprises of 33 students one class.
D. The Writer’s Role on the Research
In conducting this research, the writer worked collaboratively with the teacher at SMP Al-Kautsar BKUI, Jakarta. In this study, the writer had some roles
as the teacher and the observer. In the 1
st
cycle, the writer took a role as the observer and in the 2
nd
cycle the writer took a role as a teacher. Thus, in the first
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