Review of the Previous Studies

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Chapter 2 consists of three parts. First is review of the previous studies it presents some projects with the same topic. Second is review of theoretical studies it presents the general concept of theories used in this final project. The third is theoretical framework it contains of a plan for the next research as the fundamental thing.

2.1 Review of the Previous Studies

Learning vocabulary is like learning the very basic of English language. It is the fundamental thing for students to learn before they learn more about English. If they know more about vocabulary, they will understand everything which related to this language. Campillo 1995 in her article entitled “Teaching and Learning Vocabulary: an Introduction for English Students” stated that vocabulary is an essential element in English. She concluded that in teaching vocabulary, teachers should conduct and prepare different strategies in teaching it. Teacher should also develop different system to speed up and facilitate the students’ retrieval words. That is why song chosen as the medium in teaching vocabulary to improve their understanding and to develop othertechniques in teaching it. In learning vocabulary by using song, there are some related researches from international or local community that can be used as a reference in conducting the research. Those researches were conducted from elementary school to senior high school students. The purpose of the study was almost the same. It was conducted for the improvement in 9 students’ vocabulary mastery by using the universal medium song. Cahyana 2007 in his paper entitled “The Role of “Timeless Rock Ballads” Songs to Teach English Vocabulary at the Senior High School stated that listening to English songs is very effective to increase and develop students’ vocabulary mastery. He also suggested to listen English song more and more to improve students’ vocabulary mastery. In his final project, the data showed some slight improvements between pre-test, first post-test, and his final post-test. It means that he successfully improved their students vocabulary by using song as the medium in teaching vocabulary. Song can also improve students’ motivation in learning vocabulary. Susanto 2010 in his paper entitled “ Students’ Motivation to Improve Their English Vocabulary Mastery Through Listening to English Songs The Case of Eleventh Grade Students of SMAN 2 Temanggung in Academic Year of 20102011 , he concluded that the students mostly had strong motivation to improve their vocabulary mastery if it was combined with song as the medium in teaching it. Based on the statement above, we can conclude that using medium is very appropriate if we want to teach vocabulary for our students. By using song as the medium, we not only improve their achievement in vocabulary mastery but also improve their motivation in learning English itself. Intani 2012 in her paper entitled“ Developing Indonesian Children Song Lyrics to Teach Vocabulary to Elementary School Third Graders” also found as same as Susanto’s did that song could improve students’ motivation if it was used for teaching vocabulary. She 10 stated that by using song as the medium, the teaching and learning process would be more fun. Song is the universal medium which is loved by people around the world. Song contains lyric, structure, and of course, it contains words. Some people think that learning vocabulary is always boring and not funny at all. We just remember words by words and do something which is repeated from time to time. By using song, learning vocabulary will be more fun. It provides a lot of advantages for improving motivation in learning vocabulary, especially for children. Children love to sing, they want to learn everything if the material is interesting for them to follow. I am going to explain the use of song which has narrative lyrics to improve students’ motivation in learning vocabulary for junior high school.

2.2 Review of Theoretical Studies