Feminism is a woman movement aroused as an aware effort to escape themselves from any oppression, discrimination, and exploitation in societies and
to dismiss them in their life.
a. Feminism Movement
Concerning to the development on feminism theories cause different various point of view. Basically, there are four kinds of feminism, namely Liberal
feminism, Radical feminism, Socialist feminism, and Marxian feminism. All the sources below are taken from Ratna Megawangi’s Perkembangan Teori
Feminisme Masa Kini dan Mendatang serta Kaitannya dengan Pemikiran Islam 1996: 211-229
1. Liberal Feminism
It is that all people created with the same rights and chances to struggle for their lives. Therefore, liberal feminism assumes that naturally there are no
differences between men and women so that women should have their right equaled with men’s. However, it focuses on the changes of rules and laws that
supposed to survive the patriarchy system. On the other hand, Liberal Feminism regards the conventional family universal concept in which a husband is in charge
of family earning and security ensuring. This case, according to liberal feminism, is not ensuring individual freedom concept to be self-manage and to decide one’s
own life. This conventional family concept makes women depend on men. 1996: 212.
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
Basically women stick tightly to traditional values that from their incapable and irrational attitude and of course this causes the woman underdog in
the society. Thus people consider that industrialization and modernization are the best ways to enhance woman status. 1996: 213
2. Radical Feminism
Radical feminism theory developed rapidly in the United States in the course of year 1960’s and 1970’s. The basis of this theory correspondes to
philosophy of socialist feminist theory, but the radical theory focuses mostly on the existence of the family institution and patriarchy system. Patriarchy is such
masculinity ideology. According to radical feminism patriarchy is a system in which men considered to have superior power and economic privilege. Radical
feminism tends to abhor men and let women to be autonomous, in fact even without men in their lives.
3. Marxian Feminism
Classic Marxism bears a solid tradition to study anything related to family affairs, private property, and nation. It absolutely rejects the concepts that suppose
biological aspect is the basic way of which genders differentiated. Husbands are bourgeois while wives are proletariats that are always under oppression. In this
occasion, women are supposed to be free from such patriarchy capitalistic authority only by launching woman revolution movement. Woman emancipation
is effective when a woman takes part in production and stops handling household
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
affairs. Woman emancipation should be through industrialization and there is less time for them to do some household affairs 1996: 228.
4. Socialist Feminist
