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Research Method RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the researcher presents the research method, the research setting and participants, the research instruments, the data gathering technique, the data analysis technique, and the research procedure.

A. Research Method

Having identified the problem faced by XG students of SMA N 1 Kasihan Bantul, the researcher aimed to help the students to improve their speaking skill. Hence, in this research, the researcher used classroom action research CAR as the research method. According to Hopkins 1993, “action research is a process designed to empower all participants in the educational process with the means to improve the practices conducted within the educational experience.” In accordance with Ebbutt 1985 as cited in Hopkins 1993 says, “action research is the systematic study of attempts to improve educational practice by groups of participants by means of their own practical actions and by means of their own reflection upon the effects of those actions.” It means that the aim of action research is to improve educational practice based on the implementation and reflection on the actions. In conducting this research, the researcher used Kemmis and McTaggart model 1988. Based on Kemmis and McTaggart model, there are four steps in conducting classroom action research. The first step is planning. The researcher 23 identified the problem faced by the XG students of SMA Negeri 1 Kasihan Bantul when having her teaching practice. The researcher observed the teaching-learning activity in the class to find the problem. Having found the problem, the researcher tried to find a solution to the problem. The second step is acting. In this step the researcher implemented the solution. While implementing the solution, the researcher did the observation. The researcher observed the teaching-learning process. The researcher also asked for help from an outside observer. The outside observer would make field notes and fill an observation sheet. The fourth step is reflecting. The researcher reflected on what worked well and did not work well in the teaching-learning process. Based on the reflection, the researcher could prepare the next implementation for the next cycle. From the reflection, the researcher could conclude whether or not the use of contextual teaching and learning helped the XG students of SMA Negeri 1 kasihan Bantul improve their speaking skills.

B. Research Setting

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