Crop Cultivar Adaptive to Climate Change

Proceeding of 2013 International Seminar on Climate Change and Food Security ISCCFS 2013 Palembang, South Sumatra -Indonesia, 24-25 October,2013 7 Fig. 3: Diagram steps in precision agriculture. Source: Boer and Zaini 2012

2.4. Crop Cultivar Adaptive to Climate Change

Understanding the impacts of climate change on crop production, crop cultivars that are resilience to drought or flood are explored and developed. This action is considered as a plausible adaptation option as increasing crop productivity in the recent decades is significantly influenced by the advancement in agricultural technology particularly the invention of crop cultivars Egli 2008. As summarized by Boer 2013, crop cultivars that are resilience to drought, flood and salinity have been invented. Now, the question is to explore potential areas to plant the new cultivars in Indonesia. For this purpose, an integration of agrometeorology i.e., crop models and geographic information system GIS to explore areas those are suitable for a ‗new‘ crop cultivar. The agrometeology models require inputs of soil, daily climate data and cropping practices Jones et al. 2003 that offer an advantage to identify the dynamic impacts of climate fluctuations on crop growth and development. The GIS offers a capability to map outputs of the crop models simulated for a number of farmland within a region so that potential areas for a certain crop cultivar under specific farming practices can be evaluated. An example of the combination of crop models and GIS is presented in Figure 4. An important aspect that should be considered when using crop models for crop simulation are the consideration on uncertainty introduced by crop models. This uncertainty is the main focus of the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project AgMIP that attempt to compare different crop models employed to simulate a particular crop such as wheat Rosenzweig et al. 2013. Proceeding of 2013 International Seminar on Climate Change and Food Security ISCCFS 2013 Palembang, South Sumatra -Indonesia, 24-25 October,2013 8 Fig. 4: An example of the application of a crop model and GIS to map vulnerable areas to climate change. The case is for citarum watershed. Source: prepared by Perdinan and Febriyanti 2013

2.5 . Climate Index Insurance