The learner roles Theoretical Description 1.

23 3 A situational syllabus A situational syllabus is a syllabus in which the content of language teaching is a collection of real or imaginary situations in which language occurs or is used. 4 A skill-based syllabus is a syllabus in which the content of language teaching is a collection of specific abilities that may play a part in using language. 5 A task-based syllabus A task-based syllabus is a syllabus in which the content of the teaching is a series of complex and purposeful tasks that the students want or need to perform with the language they are learning. 6 Content- based syllabus A content-based syllabus is not really a language teaching syllabus at all. In content based language teaching the primary purpose of the instruction is to teach some content or information using the language whatever content is being taught. In this study, the writer would like to use the task-based syllabus. It is because the task-based syllabus seems appropriate with the contents of language teaching for the first semester students of Program Khusus Institut Pertanian STIPER Yogyakarta.

b. Reason for having syllabus in ESP

Hutchinson and Waters 1994: 83-84 outline eight reasons for having syllabus in ESP. The eight reasons are explained on the next page. 24 1 Managerial Management Reason A syllabus provides a practical basis for the division of materials, assessment, textbooks, and learning time. 2 Reason of Moral Support A syllabus makes language learning task appear manageable. 3 Cosmetic role of syllabus A syllabus can become reassurance meaning to give evidence to convince and impress sponsors, students, or “the outsiders”. 4 Directive Reason A syllabus serves as statement of projected route of learning direction goal, aim, the processes, and objectives 5 Rationale Syllabus tells the teacher and the students the “what” to be learned and the “why” to learn. 6 Set of criteria for materials selection A syllabus defines the kind of text to look for or produce the items to flows on in the exercise, etc. 7 Uniformity Standardization A syllabus is one way of informing or standardizing elements involved within an institution or educational system.