Definition of Terms INTRODUCTION

6

F. Definition of Terms

In this section, the researcher tries to clarify some terms in order to make the readers better understand the content of the study and to avoid any misconception due to it. Some of those terms are:

1. Perception

Perception is defined as an individual’s process of organizing and interpreting impressions of the environment so that the impressions will be meaningful Robbins, 1997. Gibson 1997 defines perception as a mental activity of organizing information from environment so that it makes sense. Moreover, Altman and Hodgetts 1985 define perception as a person’s way of selecting and grouping stimuli, so that the stimuli can be interpreted meaningfully. Perception is also defined as a conscious mental and cognitive process that enables people to interpret and understand their surrounding Kreitner and Kinicki, 1992. In this study, perception refers to the students’ process of organizing and interpreting impressions of information on the study of literature so that they students perceive the study of literature objectively. 2. Literature Literature is a performance in words which offers truth and gives beneficial effects on the reader M.I. Indriani, 1990: 1. According to Hall 1961, like any form of art, literature involves communication of some type of meaning through a particular medium. Medium here might refer to novel, short stories, 7 plays, poetry, etc. Wellek and Warren in their Theory of Literature stated that literature has an essential relationship with life and derives some of its basic characteristics from language. In this study, it refers to the group of courses in PBI which deal with literary works, such as poetry, drama, prose, play performance. 3. English Language Teaching In order to understand the term English Language Teaching, it seems better to firstly break down the phrase and get the meaning of each word. The term teaching is used to refer to the activities carried out by materials developers or teachers to facilitate the learning of the language Tomlinson, 1998. Hornby as stated in Oxford Sixth Advanced Learners’ Dictionary of Current English defines language as the system of communication in speech and writing that is used by people of a particular country. The term English Language Teaching refers to the system which has the correlation of education world in learning. 4. PBI English Education Study Program PBI is one of the programs in English Faculty of Teacher Training and Education in Sanata Dharma University. It is located in Mrican, Tromol Pos 29 Yogyakarta 55002. 8

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW