The researcher chooses communicative approach which facilitates the students to interact each other in real communication and uses authentic materials
to help the students in replicating the real atmosphere of communication. In designing the speaking materials using communicative approach for the eleventh
grade students of tourism department of SMK Karya Rini YHI Kowani, the researher adapts and combine both Kemp’s mdel and Yalden’s instructional
design model. The researcher adapts five stages of Kemp’s model, namely determining goals, topics, and general purposes, specifying the learning
objectives, stating subject contents, and selecting teaching learning activities and materials and evaluation. The researcher also takes a stage from Yalden’s model
that could not be found in Kemp’s model namely needs survey. In brief, the reseacher sets six stages from combining and adapting the
two instructional design models. The stages are 1 conducting needs survey, 2 determining goals, topics and general purposes, 3 specifying learning objectives,
4 listing subject content, 5 selecting teaching learning activities and materials, 6 evaluation.
1. Conducting a Need Survey
This is the first step of Yalden’s model as a preliminary step in developing the speaking materials which suits the students’ needs. At this step, the
researcher collect and gain information about students’ needs, interests, and difficulties in learning by distributing a questionnaire to the eleventh grade
students of tourism department of SMK Karya Rini YHI Kowani. Then further
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information about the students’ characteristics supporting the production of the designed materials can be gathered by interviewing the English teacher.
2. Determining Goals, Topics, and General Purposes
This step is taken from Kemp’s model “Considering goals, list topics, and stating the general purposes”, the same as Yalden’s model “Description of
Purposes”. The researcher decides the goals as the foundation for developing the speaking materials using communicative approach for the eleventh grade students
of tourism department of SMK Karya Rini YHI Kowani. After that, the researcher chooses the topics to achieve the goals. The topics will be chosen based on the
result of the need survey. Then the researcher will formulate the general purposes of each topic.
3. Specifying Learning Objectives
This stage is adapted from Kemp’s model. After considering the purposes, the researcher will formulate specified objectives of the learning to be
achieved in every meeting.
4. Listing Subject Contents
This stage is taken from Kemp’s model. In this stage, the writer lists the subject contents to be learnt by the students in order to achieve the objectives.
5. Selecting Teaching Learning Activities and Materials
This step is adapted from Kemp’s model. Enjoyable and interesting activities should be applied in order to enhance the students’ speaking motivation
so that the students will actively write their thoughts. The materials chosen should
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also attract the students’ interest and attention. The arrangement of both activities and materials will be based on the result of the needs survey.
6. Evaluating Materials
