15 Vocabulary is necessary in language learning, because without vocabulary we
cannot understand a language. Vocabulary is needed in all aspects of language and without vocabulary; we cannot say information very well. In other word
vocabulary is the basic element of a language which will make a language can understand and have meaningful. Thornbury says that vocabulary plays an
important role in language; because without vocabulary it is impossible develop language.
21
Cameron says that “vocabulary is fundamental to using the foreign language as discourse.”
22
According to the theories above researcher can conclude that vocabulary is very important component in language learning especially in
English. Without vocabulary we cannot communicate each other and also without vocabulary we can not to exchange our mind. Vocabulary is very important
component in language learning because vocabulary we use to express our ideas, our skill can say good if we can mastery vocabulary better such as in speaking,
writing, and reading. So, How we can speak very well if we have no vocabulary, how we can make good written if we lake in vocabulary, how we can understand
the meaning from a story. So vocabulary is very important component of language and it is very useful for our daily activity in the class.
2. Types of Vocabulary
21
Thornbury , Oxford Advance Learn Dictionary of Correct English, oxford :1984, p. 5
22
Lyne,cameron. Teaching learning to young learners,London : Cambridge university press. 2002, p. 45
16 Vocabulary has some types that needs to be learnt. There are types of vocabulary
that are explained by the experts. One of explanations is explained by Thornbury. He explained that there are at least four types of vocabulary.
23
There are a. Adverb b. Adjective c. Noun d. Verb. Those can be desribed as follows:
a Adverb There are some definition of adverb that proposed by the experts. Frank sates
that adverbs are words that described or modify verbs, adjective, and other adverbs.
24
It means that adverb can be used to describe or modify verbs, adjective, and other adverbs.While Sjah and Enong states that adverb is a
word that explain about how, where and when a thing happen.
25
It means that adverb related with the how the process, time and the thing happen.
Examples: now, tommorow, certainly, maybe and others. From the statement before, it can be concluded that adverb is a word that
modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs and can explaine how, when, and where a thing happen. For example: now, tomorrow, certainly, maybe and
others. b Adjective
23
Scott Thornburrry, How to Teach Vocabulary, England. Pearson Education Limited, 2002, p.13
24
Marcella Frank, Modern English a Practical Reference Guide, New York: New Jersey, 1972, p.141
25
Sjah and Enong, Modern English Grammar, Jakarta: Cv Simplex, p.72
17 There are some definitions of adjective that proposed by the experts. Frank
states that adjective is modifers that has the grammatical property of comparison.
26
It is often identified by special derivational ndings or by special adverbial modifers that precede it. It most usual position is before the noun it
modifers, but it fills other possitions as well. While Sjah and Enong states that adjective is a word that use to expand and narrow the meaning noun.
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It means that adjective is a word that describe noun. For example: beautiful,
good, small and others. From the statements before, it can be conclude that adjective is a word that describe and has grammatical property of comparison.
For example: beautiful, good, small and others. c Noun
There are some definitions about noun that proposed by the expert. Frank states that noun is one of the most important of speech.
28
Its arrangement with the verb helps to from the sentence core which is essential to every complete
sentence. While Sjah and Enong states that noun is a word used to name people, place, plant, object, animal, quality and abstract concepts.
29
It means that noun is related with name of something like place, plant, people and
others. For examples: Jhon, student, house, chair, rose, dog, honesty.
26
Marcella Frank, Op.Cit, p.109
27
Sjah and Enong, Op.Cit, p.27
28
Marcella Frank, Op.Cit, p.6
29
Djalinus Sjah and Azimar Enong, Op.Cit, p.15
18 From the statement before, it can be concluded that noun is one of the most
important parts of speech that can use to name people, plant, object, animal, quality and abstract concepts.
d Verb There are some definitions about verb that proposed by the expert. Frank states
that verb is the most complex part of speech.
30
Its varying arrangements with nouns determine the differents kinds of sentences statements, questions,
commands, exclamatios. Like the noun, the verb has the grammatical properties of peron and number, properties which require agreement with the subject. While
Sjah and Enong states that verb is a word that is showed measure and condition of a thing.
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it means that verb can be used to show the measure and condition of thing. For examples: write, read, listen and others.
From the statement before, it can be concluded that verb is a word that the most comple part of speech and show measure and condition of a thing. Verb has the
grammatical properties of person and number, properties which require agreement with the subject.
Vocabulary is listing all words that need to be known and learnt and the types of vocabulary are adverb, adjective, noun and verb. All the types of vocabulary need
to be known and learnt for the successful of mastering vocabulary.
30
Marcella Frank, Op.Cit, p.47
31
Djalinus Sjah and Azimar Enong, Op.Cit, p.30
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D. Concept of Teaching and Learning Vocabulary
