Teaching English as a Foreign Language

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Teaching English as a Foreign Language

Teaching is process done by the teacher to share their knowledge, experience and material preparation the aim of teaching can be reached. Teaching can also defined as providing opportunities for students to learn. However, students may not always learn what the teacher intend to teach about and sometimes they may also learn notion which teacher do not intend them to learn. Actually in teaching there are three elements to combine. Sprinthall says that teaching demand a combination of three elements: transmitting knowledge, teaching of process inquiry and encouraging interpersonal relationship. The way of teaching and assessing will depend on the level and the goal of the teacher select before. 13 It means that before teaching we have to consider level of students and purpose of teaching. Teaching also is the systematic activity which includes many components. Every component cannot be separated, but it has to be run together dependently and continually. For the reason, it is necessary for having a good management in teaching. It should be considered about ability of the teacher in managing the 13 Richard C. Sprinthall. Educational Psychology, Developing Approach Canada : Addison Wesley Publishing Company, 1977, p.382 12 class, his skill, and also the professionalism of the teacher so that teaching goal can be achieved. And also teaching is guiding and facilitating learning, enabling the learning to learn, setting the condition for learning. Our understanding of how the learners learn will determine our philosophy of education, teaching style, Approach, methods, and classroom technique. According to Harmer, teaching means to give someone knowledge or to instruct or to train someone. 14 It means that to show somebody how to do something or to change somebody’s idea. Teaching English is a foreign language in Indonesia. Wilkins also says that teaching English as foreign language is not the mother tongue of any group within the country where it is being learned. 15 It means that the students who learned English as foreign language have a little opportunity to use their English in real life situation. Teaching a foreign language is to provide the students with the skills which enable to communicate orally with speakers of other nationalities who also learn this language. Based on the explanation above the researcher conclude that the teaching is a systematic activity which includes many components to share knowledge, experience and also building their attitude, character and change somebody’s ideas and manage three elements: transmitting knowledge, teaching of process inquiry and encouraging interpersonal relationship. 14 Jeremy Harmer, How To Teach English England : Longman, 2002, p.56 15 D.A Wilkins, Linguistics In Language Teaching London : Edward Arnold Publisher, 1980, p.7 13

B. Concept of Teaching and Learning