1. Research and Information Collecting
The aim is to collect findings and useful information for developing the materials. The information gathering involved one step from Kemp’s step:
identifying learners’ characteristics. In this step, the writer distributed needs analysis to forty students of Bethesda Nursing Academy and conducted interview
with the English instructor to find out their characteristics and needs.
2. Planning
Planning included three steps from Kemp’s instructional design model: considering goals, general purposes and topics; specifying learning objectives;
listing subject content. The aim is to construct a framework that became the basis for developing material.
3. Developing Preliminary Form of Product
Once the planning had been completed, the writer started to develop the preliminary material. Each of the subject contents was elaborated into learning
materials. It involved one step from Kemp’s instructional design: selecting teaching learning activities and instructional resources. Activities and instructional
resources were chosen based on the learners’ characteristics and abilities.
4. Preliminary Field Testing
This step aimed to gain feedback, comments and suggestion and used them to revise the designed materials. In this step, Kemp’s step which was applied was
evaluation. The writer constructed and distributed evaluative questionnaires to one
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
English instructor of Bethesda Nursing academy and one lecturer of English Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University.
5. Main product Revision
This step was conducted to obtain some information needed to make some improvement on the designed materials Borg and Gall, 1983. After the feedback
from the preliminary field testing was obtained, the writer revised the designed materials. It is expected that the designed materials would be more applicable and
ready to use.
6. Main Field Testing
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