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that characters have particular personalities and physical attributes that distinguish them from other characters. Another opinion comes from Holman and Harmon
1968: 81 characterization is the way to create of imaginary person, so they exist for the reader as life like. Therefore, the author always point out what the
character is, how he lives, what he likes and dislikes. Those traits are called character while the technique to make the traits known as characterization.
2. Ways of analyzing Character
Rohrberger and Woods 1971: 20 write two ways of characterization. First the author described the character directly. He or she simply writes the
physical appearance, or moral attributes of the character. The last, the author can describe the character dramatically. The author describes the character through the
way he or she behaves and speaks. Abrams in his book A Glossary of Literary Terms writes that there are two
different methods in characterizing the person in narrative, which are showing or dramatic method and telling method 1981: 21. In showing, the author only
writes about the characters speak and act. Furthermore, in the novel, the author gives the description, and often evaluation about the motives and dispositional
qualities of the characters. According to Murphy 1972: 161-173 there are nine ways used by the
author to make his or her characters understandable for the readers. They are: PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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1. Personal description
The author tells the readers about his or her characters directly through the appearance of the characters and the clothes which they wear.
2. Character as seen by another
The author describes the character through other characters’ opinion in the novel.
3. Speech
The author describes the character through what the character says and in a conversation with others, or give opinion.
4. Past life
The author describes the person’s character through the events in the past that can shape or influence his or her personality in the present. In can be figured
out by a direct comment, through the person’s thought or through his or her conversation or through the medium of other person.
5. Conversation of others
The author gives the clue to a person’s character through the conversation of other people and what they say about him or her.
6. Reactions
The author can also gives the readers clues to a person’s character through how the person react when he or she facing the problem.
7. Direct comment
The author directly gives his personal reception and comment to the character he creates.
