5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
A. Review of Related Studies
Several studies have been done to analyze certain questions regarding gay politics and queer theory, among other, is the writer Steven Epstein with his
Gay Politics, Ethnic Identity: The Limits of Social Constructionism. This journal shows the contradictory ideas of answering the question about gay and
what it means to be gay or lesbian certainly testifies the difficulties of answering it. Sexuality is one of the main topics that this journal discusses.
This article does not only discuss what causes homosexuality or heterosexuality instead this article also explores how lesbians and gay men live on a day-to-day
basis and interpret their sexual desires and practices to situate themselves in the world. These theory and self-understanding may or may not block or shape the
political activism by gays. The idea of essentialist and constructionist understandings of gay identity also appear and discussed in this journal. It
discusses more about how gay politics related with the socially constructed contexts and the psychological aspects of homosexual from which helps the
researcher to analyze the grounds behind gay political movement. The second journal that used is written by Neil Deuchar called AIDS In
New York City with Particular Reference to the Psycho-Social Aspects. This article which is taken from British Journal of Psychiatry in 1984 shows data on
this epidemiological surveillance. This article shows data related to AIDS in New York City. Surveys nationwide related with AIDS are displayed in this
journal. This article created the survey of qualifications of AIDS patients. How AIDS came to the United States and the statistics of the originated people who
came from Europeans, Africa and Asia, and the cause of AIDS at that time which is still unknown. According to this journal, there are some indication of
a person that gets this disease. There are also some effects on the public. Many AIDS victims have been fired from their jobs, driven out from their home by
terrified and ashamed families, and abandoned by similarly disposed lovers. The body of patient often disowned by family, and even the funeral director
refuse to the handle their bodies as seen in the The Normal Heart the movie. The media have played a role in feeding the public a huge amount of
sometimes misleading information. Eventually, most AIDS patient only contacted with their nurse with their masks, and gloves. The effects of the
attitudes towards the patient are horrible. From subtle cognitive changes, lack of sex drives and withdrawal from the society, this journal helps the researcher
to show the impact of AIDS in New York from the Psycho – Social Aspects
since AIDS is not simply a concern for scientists, doctors and medical researchers, it has important social dimensions as well. And from the data of
this journal helps the researcher to analyze other aspects aside from the loss of the New York citizens Problem Formulation no.1.
The third entry of the related studies is a dissertation written by Jessica De Young Kander entitled:
Reading Queer Subtext in Children’s Literature: Finding LGBT Voices in Literature for Children and Young Adults. This
project is about how the children and adolescent especially those with lesbian,
Kategori