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21 When we use video as a medium the learners can see and receive visual
signals. Therefore video can help the learners when they listens foreign language if they can see as well as hear what is going on. Video’s moving
picture also help learners concentrate because they provide a focus attention while they listen.
4 It offers variety and entertainment
Video is a medium of great variety, with a wealth of different kinds of software which can use to ring the changes in our teaching. Video help
teacher provide a richer and more varied language environment within which learning can take place. The combination of variety, interest, and
entertainment we can derive from video. It makes an aid which can help to develop motivation in learners.
From the definition above it can be concluded that video is a medium which are entertaining, interesting, motivating, using audio visual program which is
support the students in learning a language.
2. Song
a. The Nature of Song
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22 Hornby 1995 defines song as a peace of music with words that are sung.
While Kasihani 2007: 113 says that nyanyian adalah serangkaian kata-kata yang dilagukan dengan irama dan nada tertentu. “Song refers to
pieces of music that have words” Griffee, 1992: 5. He also says that every song has their own identity and function differently and there are any features of
songs as follows: 1
Songs convey a lower amount of information. 2
Songs have more redundancy and it is makes songs simple. 3 Songs have personal quality that makes the listener being sung the songs
were for the listener personality. Songs are especially at introducing vocabulary because song provide
meaningful context for the vocabulary Griffee, 1992: 5. Besides that song is a culture capsule containing within itself a significant piece of social information.
Murphy says that song is communal activity which, for a while, the world becomes one. Everything we see, everything we do is associated with the sound
we are hearing. The use of music and song in the classroom can stimulate very positive associations to the study of language, which other wise may only be
seen as laborious task, entailing exams, frustration and correction. Based on the definition above, it can be concluded that song is a piece of
music with words that are sung with rhythm and tone in a context which have positive influence to study a language.
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23 b.
Types of Songs Songs are also classified according to popularity or according to entertain
established musical forms pop, country, folk, jazz, etc. Those classification schemes are not appropriate for language teachers because they overlook the
role of the activities language teachers use. Griffee 1992: 11 divides song according to the length, and tempo, because length and tempo have a high
degree of relevance to the appropriateness’ of a song and an activity as follows: 1
All songs’ means the activity can be used any song. 2 Short, slow songs’ means the activity works well with song that are
slow and short. Most songs range from three and a half to four and half minutes in length. A short song is any song that is three minutes or less.
3 Songs that tell stories are songs that have a story line. Songs that tell stories have a beginning, middle, and end. They are usually and slow
although a very few are short and slow or short and fast. 4 Instrumental music is any music without words.
5 Long songs are the majority of songs on Top 40 charts. They are usually at least four minutes long or longer, they are usually not very
easy to sing and present a series of images rather than tell story. Most of them are fast, although a few are slow.
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24 6 Short, fast songs are songs that typically have one verse with no
repeating phrases or refrains and have quick tempo. They are usually under three minutes in duration.
c. The Advantages of Song
Songs and music can be used to relax the students and provide an enjoyable classroom atmosphere Griffee, 1992: 4. According to Griffee
1992: 4 there are many advantages to use songs and music in the language classroom. There are six categories; classroom atmospheres, language input,
cultural text, supplements, teaching and interest.
1 Classroom atmosphere, songs and music can be used to relax students
and enjoyable classroom atmosphere. 2 Language Input, in using songs and music in the classroom can expose
the students to rhythms of language 3 Cultural Input, bringing a song into classroom entails bringing the culture
of the song in with it. Songs can be used as away of looking at a culture and comparing it with other cultures. Songs can also be used to evoke
historical periods. 4 Songs as Text, songs can be used as texts in the same way that a
poem, short story or novel or any other piece of authentic material can be used.
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25 5 Songs and Music as Supplements, songs can be used to supplement a
textbook or can serve as the text itself in a variety of teaching situations such as:
a Using a song after the regular lesson. b Using a song for a change pace.
c Using a song for special occasion.
6 Songs can be used to teach pronunciation, songs and music with their tones, rhythm and stress, can provide for some languages to teach and
practice the several skills group together under the term pronunciation. 7 Songs can be used to teach and memory
8 Songs can be used for pattern practice memory retention. 9 Songs can create the students interest.
While according to Murphy in relation to language learning, the use music and song offers two major advantages:
1 Music is highly memorable. Whether this is because it creates a state of relaxed receptivity, because its rhythms correspond in some way with
basic body rhythms, or because its messages touch deep seated emotional or aesthetic chords, or because its repetitive patterning
reinforces learning without loss of motivation-whatever the reason, song and music “stick” in the head.
2 It is highly motivating, especially for children, a adolescents, and young adult learns popular music in its many forms constitutes a powerful
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26 subculture with its own mythology, its own rituals, and its own
priesthood. As such it is part of students’ lines in unsuspected positive energy.
3. Nature of Children
