of land capability, land capacity and the core of the tourism itself. According to the local government
vision in tourism planning RTOW, 2003, the development should fulfil four principles, these are balanced growth of local socio-economic-cultural condition,
balanced growth of conservation and development spatial principle, good access of public amenities for everyone, and democratic local-based governance system.
3.2 Physical aspects
3.2.1 Soil type and Topography
The topographic condition are situated at elevation ranging from 0 m mean sea level to the highest of 250 m of mean sea level with the slope varying form flat 1
to steep 45. Soil condition is one of the contributing factors, where the only certain types of vegetation can grow. Table 3.1 shows six soil type, materials contents
and topographic. Two of them ‘ustipsamments and isohipotermik’ are closer to the coast line with the matter of sand and topographic flat to undulating. Its recent soil
that no deference of soil horizon and minimize organic matter mean while only vegetation type of grass and bush survived. Typhic trophorthents soil type have been
threatened by local community, added organic matter, water irrigated and planted with paddy. Other soil types were used for settlement, cultivation and dry culture.
Table 3.1 The soil type in the area of research
Soil type Material
Tophographic
Ustipsamments, Isohipertermik
Sand coastal sedimentary Sand win sedimentary
Flat to undulate Typhic trophorthents,
Clay coluvial Flat to undulate
Lithic ustropepts Clay and limestone
Hilly to steep Lithic ustorthents
Breksi and Tufa andesit Hilly to steep
Hypic Haplustalfs Clay sedimentary and sand
Flat to undulate Source: Puslitanak Bogor
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3.2.2 Climate
The Parangtritis area is belongs to climate “Type Am” based on Schmidt Fergusson, with an average rainfall intensity of 1,845 mmyear. The highest
temperature is 29.9
o
C, lowest temperature is 24.5
o
C and the average is 27.2
o
C. The maximum humidity is 89 and the lowest humidity is 78 with wind velocity of 5 –
30 knotsecond. There is clear distinction of wet and dry season, where the rainy season is within NovemberDecember to MarchApril.
3.2.3 Water Resource Potentials
The depths of ground water vary between 3 – 7 m in the low land and more than 15 m in the high land. Base on the hydrogeology map of Yogyakarta the ground
water resource potentials are categorized in to medium to height. The flow of surface water mainly goes through Opak River as a permanent
river. The average annual debit flow based on the station of automatic water level recorder AWLR location at about 3 km north of Parangtritis is shown in Table 3.2
and Figure 3.1.
Table 3.2 Annual debit flow of Opak River, Bantul Yogyakarta
Month Jan Feb Marc Apr May Jun July Aug Sept Oct Nov Desc
Debit flow
m3det 60,3 68,1 158,0 73,6 24,2 12,9 11,0 7,10 3,93 2,43 5,96 11,8 Height
mm 140 158 365 171 56,1 30,0 25,5 16,4 9,09 5,62 13,8 29
Sources: Research Institute for Water Resources Development. Bandung 1998.
50 100
150 200
250 300
350 400
Jan Feb
Marc Apr
May Jun
Jul Augus
Sept Oct
Nov Desc
Debit m 3det Height m m
Figure 3.1 Annual debit flow of Opak river, Bantul, Yogyakarta.
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The suspended load is mainly grains sand and dash from volcanic activity of Mount Merapi. The debit flow in Table 3.2 when compared to total demand of 428.13
personday ×120 liter = 51375.6 literday 0.0059 m
3
s indicates that the area is abundant of water sources.
3.3 Sand dune in Parangtritis
