buildings. Many have died or been injured in attacks aimed at mosques, schools and hospitals. Similar attacks have been carried out on residential areas in other
parts of the country http:www.rawa.orgai-women.htm. By the coming of Islamic fundamentalists in 1992, women’s right
participation in social, economic, cultural and political life of the country was curtailed and denied. Women were totally violated of the right to education, of the
right to work, of the right to travel or go out alone, of the right to health, of the right to legal recourse, of the right to recreation and of the right to being human.
They could not show their faces in public to male strangers, they could not wear bright colored clothing, they could not put on make-up, they could only appear
outside wear burqas, they could not wear shoes with heels that click, they could not travel in private vehicles with male passengers, they did not have the right to
raise their voices when talking in public, they could not laugh loud as it lures males into corruption, etc. Those are the phenomenon of human right violations
against women.
4. The History of Taliban Regime
The situation became more frightening, on February 1995, a strong and popular political force known as the Taliban religious students had taken control
of nine of Afghanistans 30 provinces. The largest numbers of provinces were controlled by a single party. The goal of the Taliban was establishing social
organization. The pioneers of the regime were some students who studied Islam in Pakistan. The first establishment had no connection between the Taliban and
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political situation in Afghanistan http:www.cnn.comspecials2001taliban, but the Taliban changed the main goal of this regime into establishing a Moslem
government http:www.cnn.comWORLD961005taleban. The Taliban are the orthodox Muslims intent on establishing a strict
Islamic Government System. The leader was Mullah Mujahid Mohammed Omar, well-known as Mullah Omar http:news.bbc.co.uk.
During the power, the Taliban conveyed a system of gender apartheid http:feminist.orgafghanfacts.html. Under Taliban rules, women had been
violated of their visibility, voice, and mobility. When they took control in 1996, the Taliban initially imposed strict rules. The rules made women lost their
freedom. Women were not allowed to work outside the home, so they were
expected to stay at home and do the household chores. They were not allowed to do activities outside the home unless accompanied by a mahram close male
relative such as a father, brother or husband. They are not allowed to ride a bicycle or motorcycle, to play sports or to enter a sport center, to go to schools
and universities, to get any treatment from male doctors at the hospitals, to travel in the same bus with men, to wash clothes at the river or at a place which could be
seen by public, and to speak and to laugh loudly. Taliban also made some rules relating to women’s performances. They
required women to wear burqa. They would whip woman in public for having non-covered ankles. They did not allow women to wear any cosmetics. If they
found women with painted nails, they would cut the fingers. They did not allow
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women wearing high heels which would produce sound while walking, because a man must not hear a womans footsteps. They did not allow women wearing
bright-color clothes because it was considered as sexually attracting colors in Taliban terms.
Taliban had closed all female public bath and made public bath only for male. They also modified names of places which used the word “women.” for
example, “womens garden” had been renamed “spring garden.” Besides the rules against women, Taliban had some rules must be obeyed
both men and women http:www.rawa.orgrules.htm. They made bans of listening to music, watching movies, television and videos, celebrating the
traditional New Year on the 21
st
of March, keeping of pigeons and playing with the birds, and playing games including kite flying which was ‘un-Islamic’
according to Taliban. They forced people to change their names into Islamic names, to attend
prayers in mosque five times a day, and to scream Allah hu Akbar to encourage the sportsmen and to refrain from clapping. They forced men to wear Islamic
clothes and a cap. They forced boy students to wear turbans. They forced men not to shave their beard. They forced Non-Moslem minorities to distinct badge or
stitch a yellow cloth on their dress to differentiate them from the majority of Moslem population.
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C. Theoretical Framework
