4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Socioeconomic Condition a.
Socioeconomic Condition in Kepulauan Seribu Administrative KAKS
Based on Sensus Penduduk 2010
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SP2010, Kepulauan Seribu has a population of 21,082 inhabitants consist of 10,711 men and 10,371 women under 6,029
households. The most populated villages are Kelapa Island with 5,557 inhabitants and Panggang Island with 5,123 inhabitants BPS KAKS 2011.
Table 9 shows the comparison of area and population divided by district and village in Kepulauan Seribu. On table 9, Panggang Island village has the highest
population density in Kepulauan Seribu as the area is relatively small compare to other villages in the region, which only 0.62 km
2
. The reason behind this phenomenon is because Panggang Island is located next to Pramuka Island, which is assigned as the
capital of the KAKS. In addition to that, the living cost outside the island in Jakarta is perceived as higher compare to the living cost in the island by the islanders.
Table 9 Area and Population in Kepulauan Seribu by District and Village, 2010
DistrictVillage Area
km
2
Population Population Density
peoplekm
2
Male Female
Total 1.
Kepulauan Seribu Selatan 3.05
4,202 4,130
8,332 2,732
a. Tidung Island
1.07 2,051
2,097 4,148
3,877 b.
Pari Island
0.95 1,283
1,175 2,458
2,587 c.
Untung Jawa Island 1.03
868 858
1,726 1,676
2. Kepulauan Seribu Utara
5.65 6,509
6,241 12,750
2,257
a. Panggang Island
0.62 2,613
2,510 5,123
8,263 b.
Kelapa Island 2.58
2,822 2,735
5,557 2,154
c. Harapan Island
2.45 1,074
996 2,070
845
Total 8.70
10,711 10,371
21,082 2,423
Source: SP2010 BPS KAKS 2011
There are 576 of poor households or 9.55 percent of total households in Kepulauan Seribu Table 10. Kepulauan Seribu Selatan district is relatively poorer
compared to Kepulauan Seribu Utara district in term of number and percentage of poor households, but it also has relatively smaller number of population Table 9.
Tidung Island has the largest number of poor households.
Table 10 Number of Households and Poor Households by District and Village in Kepulauan Seribu, 2010
DistrictVillage Number of Households
Number of Poor Households
Percentage of Poor Households
1. Kepulauan Seribu Selatan 2,464
305 12.38
a. Tidung Island 1,148
157 13.68
b. Pari Island 612
95 15.52
c. Untung Jawa Island 704
53 7.53
2. Kepulauan Seribu Utara 3,565
271 7.6
a. Panggang Island 1,462
76 5.2
b. Kelapa Island 1,553
126 8.11
c. Harapan Island 550
69 12.54
Total 6,029
576 9.55
Source: BPS KAKS 2011
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Sensus Penduduk is a national-wide census which held by Badan Pusat Statistic BPS, Indonesian Statistical Bureau
every ten years. This census is covering some issues such as household characteristics, housing condition, and facilities.
The educational level of the islanders is rather low, the percentage of population age 10 years and above w
ho categorized as “school dropouts” are higher compare to other categories for both male and female Table 11. In total, there are 72.80 percent
who categorized as school dropouts, it follows by primary school 42.50 percent and junior high school 34.00 percent graduates.
Table 11 Percentage Populations Aged above10 Years by Education and Sex in Kepulauan Seribu, 2010
Education Status Percentage
Male Female
Total
No Formal Education 1.50
3.90 2.70
Currently in School 25.00
2.40 24.50
Primary School 42.30
42.60 42.50
Junior High School 33.10
34.90 34.00
Senior High School 20.00
20.20 20.10
Diploma-University 4.60
2.30 3.50
School Dropouts 73.50
72.10 72.80
Total
100.00 100.00
100.00
Source: BPS KAKS 2011
The majority of workers are employed in the informal sectors such as fisheries at 38.50 percent. Services ranked on the second place at 22.73 percent of workers who
work on this sector. It follows by tourism sector at 22.05 percent, processing industries at 4.31 percent, and other sectors at 10.39 percent. Figure 9 illustrates the percentage
of population’s distribution aged 15 years and above who work during the previous week by sector and sex in Kepulauan Seribu, 2010.
In fisheries sector, most workers work in SSF and there are 1,331 fishermen in 2009 BPS KAKS 2011. Marine tourism in this area is not only provides hotels and
restaurants facilities, but also sport activities such as diving, snorkeling, fishing; and ecotourism activities such as visiting hatchery for example sharks, turtle, and other
aquatic animals.
Other economic activities in the archipelago are processing industries and mining. Processing industries are usually for fisheries and derivative products such as
53.41
3.44 10.11
18.94 14.04
1.30 6.49
51.85 39.07
1.30 38.50
4.31 22.05
22.73 10.39
0.00 10.00
20.00 30.00
40.00 50.00
60.00
Fisheries Processing
Industries Trade,
Restaurants and Hotels
Services Others
Per ce
n ta
g e
Sectors
Men Women
Total
Figure 9 Percentage of Population’s Distribution Aged 15 Years and Above who Work during
the Previous Week by Sector and Sex in Kepulauan Seribu, 2010 BPS KAKS, 2011
dry and salted fish, smoked fish, jelly, and dodol
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from seaweed. They also produced non-fisheries products such as sukun
19
chips. Making handicraft is also done by some people, one of the most common handicraft is “trashion” acronym from trash-
fashion, which is making bag or handbag, hat, and other accessories from wastes plastic Figure 10.
There are three common mining commodities in Kepulauan Seribu, i.e. sand, oil, and gas. Sand mining is done by local community and mostly used for building their
houses. Meanwhile, oil and gas mining is operated by CNOOC in Pabelokan Island since year 2000. This company had produced 70.47 million barrel of oil and 170.30
MMBTU of gas in 2010 BPLHD Jakarta 2011. Unfortunately this activity does not involved lots of local community, only several residents from Kelapa Island who are
employed at CNOOC. Based on information from the Panggang Island’s resident, there are no Panggang Island residents who are employed at CNOOC. The next
section will describe about socioeconomic condition of sample households in Panggang Island.
b. Socioeconomic Condition of Sample Households in Panggang Island
The characteristics of sample households in Panggang Island are illustrated on Figure 11. All of sample household heads in Panggang Island are male. It is because
fisheries sector in the island and the region are dominated by male. Sea farming project does not specifically targeting male participants, in fact there is one female
participant but she stopped doing mariculture activities.
Age is one of important factors that influence someone to learn, understand, and adopt new technology. The younger household heads are usually have higher rate of
success in new technology adoption because they are relatively more risk taker than the older one. They are also faster in decision making Apriliani et al. 2010. Based on
productivity, age can be defined into three category, i.e. non-productive age 25 and 65 years old, highly productive 25-45 years old, and productive 45-65 years old
Kamaluddin 1994. The descriptive statistics shows that age of sample household heads are range from 17 to 74 years old with average 37.82 years old. According to the
age and productivity categorization, the largest sample group is on the range of 25-45 years old 71.43 percent, followed by 45-65 years old 18.18 percent, 25 years old
9.09 percent, and 65 years old 1.30 percent. It means that most of respondents are included in highly productive and productive category in doing the economic activity.
18
Dodol is a typical sweet Indonesian snack.
19
Sukun Artocarpus altilis is a typical tropical fruits and it is known as breadfruit in English language.
Figure 10 Examples of Trashion Products
