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C. Past Perfect Tense
Form Subject + Had + Past Participle
Use
To express an activity in the past which completed before an another activity. e.g.:
~ He had arrived at home before it rained. ~ Angie went home after she had bought some books.
~ I had copied my lesson before the exam began. D.
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Form
Subject + Had + Been + Present Participle
Use
It is used to denote an action beginning in the past time and was still in progress at certain time in the past also.
e.g.: ~ When Bobby came, Surya had been working for two hours.
~ Before he entered the exam, he had been studying hard for a
month.
~ The children had been playing in the garden the whole morning,
before their mother called them.
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Kind of English Sentences in Past Tense
Affirmative Sentence
Subject + Verb II
Subject + Be 2 + Verb I-ing
Subject + had + Verb III
Subject + had + Been + Verb I-ing + Object
e.g.: ~ I spoke English.
~ I was speaking English. ~ I had spoken English.
~ I had been speaking English.
Negative Sentence
subject + did + not + Verb I
subject + Be 2 + not + Verb I-ing
subject + had + not +Verb III
subject + had + not + Been + Verb I-ing + Object
e.g.: ~ I did not speak Japanese.
~ I was not speaking Japanese. ~ I had not spoken Japanese.
~ I had not been speaking Japanese.
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Interrogative Sentence
Did + Subject + Verb I?
Be 2 + Subject + Verb I-ing?
Had + Subject + Verb III?
Had + Subject + been + Verb I-ing + Object?
e.g.: ~ Did I speak English?
~ Was I speaking English? ~ Had I spoken English?
~ Had I been speaking English?
Negative Interrogative Sentence
Did + not + Subject + Verb I?
Be 2 + not + Subject + Verb I-ing?
Had + not + Subject + Verb III?
Had + not + Subject + been + Verb I-ing + Object?
e.g.: ~ Didn’t I speak English?
~ Wasn’t I speaking English? ~ Hadn’t I spoken English?
~ Hadn’t I been speaking English?
Remember, The sentence often contains an adverb or adverb phrase of time, such as yesterday, the other day, last night, last week, three days ago, a few
minutes ago, in year, from year to year, etc.
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2.3 Definition of Fiil لـعفلا
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