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2.3 Definition of Fiil لـعفلا
Fiil is a word that shows the meaning of the work or events that occur in a period or time past, present and future. Almost like a sense of the verb in the
Indonesian language, but there are slight differences. Example:
go to work Being will work
Has worked
ْْلــعْفا ْلــعــْفي
ْلــعــف
Fiil sentence division: 1. by the time
a. Fiil Madhi b. Fiil Mudhari
c. Fiil Amar 2. According to type the letters:
a. Fiil Saheeh 1 Fiil Salim
2 Fiil Mahmuz 3 Fiil Mudhoaf
b. Fiil Mutal 1 Fiil Mithal
2 Fiil Ajwaf 3 Fiil Naqish
4 Fiil Mafruq
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5 Fiil Maqrun 3. According to the Attractions Sufferers:
a. Prevalent Fiil b. Fiil Mutaadi
4. According to the form of Active Passive: a. Fiil Malum
b. Fiil Majhul 5. The composition according to letters:
a. Fiil Mujarrad b. Fiil Mazid
2.4 Definition of Fiil Madhi
Fiil Madhi is a verb that indicates the occurrence of a job or event in the past past tense.
Marking of Fiil Madhi
The signs include a look at the original letter verb and generally contain the sound a, for example
ْبـتـك wrote, أرــق َ
read.
2.5 Form of Fiil Madhi
Fiil Madhi has 14 forms in accordance with the number of dhamir actor. Dhamir serves as fail actor. Taking the example of the word
ْبـتـك kataba, then
there are 14 forms as follows: No
Dhami F.Madhi
Meaning Explaining
1
ْوـه ْبتك
He wrote The original form
without any changes 2
ـمه ـبتك
They two man wrote
ا + i
n the last letter
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3
ْه ْْمـ
ْْوـبتك
They much man wrote
َ
+ وُـــ
in the last letter 4
ْيـه ْْتـبتك
She wrote
+ تـ
in the last letter 5
ـمه تـبتك
They two woman wrote
+ ا َ ـتـ in the last letter
6
ْ نـه ْنـْبتك
They much wrote + نــ ـ in the last letter
7
ْتـْنا ْتـْبتك
You man wrote +
تــ ـ in the last letter 8
ْ ـمتْنا ـمتْبتك You two man
wrote +
اـ مُتــ ـ in the last letter 9
مـتْنا ْْمـتْبتك
You much man wrote
+ مُتــ ـ in the last letter
10
ْتـْنا ْتـْبتك
You woman wrote + تـ ـ in the last letter
11
ـمتْنا متْبتك
You two woman wrote
+ اـ مُت ـ in the last letter
12
ْ نـتْناَ ْ نـتْبتك
You much woman wrote
+ َنـُتـ ـ in the last letter
13
ـنا ْتـْبتك
I wrote +
ُتــ ـ in the last letter 14
ْن ْحن نـْبتك
We wrote +
اـ نـ ــ in the last letter
Pattern of Fiil Madhi
1. Fiil Tsulatsi Madhi, the past tense verb that consists of three letters. The patterns are:
ْلـعــف ْرـفـكْ,رـصنْ, رض hit, help, reject
ــف لـع
ْ َْ
ْمــهف ,ْ
ْـهـش ,ْ
ْمـ ـع
understand, see, know
ْلــعـف ْ
ْرــح ,ْ
رــك ,ْ
ـعـب forbid, glorify, distance
2. Fiil Rubai Madhi, the past tense verb consisting of four letters. There are three patterns:
1
ْلــ عف ْل زــن
ْم ــسْ,م ـعْ,
2
ْلـعـْفْأ ْلزــْنأْ,م ــْسأْ,لــسْرأ
3
ْلـع ـف ْلـت ـقْ,مس ـخْ,رف ــس
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3. Fiil Khumasi Madhi, the past tense verb consisting of five letters. There are four patterns:
1
ْلــعـفْنا ـ طْناْ,ب ـقْنا
ْعـطقْناْ,قـ
2
ْلـــعتْفا ْبـنت ْجاْ,عــمت ْجاْ, رــتْقا
3
ْلـ عــفت ْ ــقتْ,رــ خأــتْ,مــ عت
4
ْلـع ــفت ْله ـــجتْ,لـه ـــستْ,فق ــست
4. Fiil Sudasi Madhi, the past tense verb consisting of six letters. The pattern is only one:
Pattern Example
ْلـــعْفتْسا ْرــ ْختْساْ,رــــفْغتْساْ, وــ ْحتْسا
ْج
Examples of changes fiil Madhi, rubai, khumasi, and sudasi: Sudasi
Khumasi Ruba’i
Dhomir
ْلـــعْفتْسا ْلـ عــفت
ْلـــعتْفا ْلــعـفْنا
ْلــْفْأ ْلــ عف
ْرــفْغتْسا ْ ــقت
ْعــمت ْجا ْعـطقْنا
ْلــسْرأ ْل زــن
ْوه ْْترــفْغتْسا
ْْتم ــقت ْْتعــمت ْجا
ْْتعـطقْنا ْْت ــسْرأ
ْْتل زــن ْيه
ْتْرــفْغتْسا ْتْم ــقت
ْتْعــمت ْجا ْْنا
ْتْعـطق ْتْ ــسْرأ
ْتْل زــن ْتْنا
ْتْرــفْغتْسا ْتْم ــقت
ْتْعــمت ْجا ْتْعـطقْنا
ْتْ ــسْرأ ْتْل زــن
ْتْنا ْتْرــفْغتْسا
ْتْم ــقت ْتْعــمت ْجا
ْتْعـطقْنا ْتْ ــسْرأ
ْتْل زــن نا
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Note:
1. All of fiil Madhi inaccessible by
ْْـــق which means really, examples:
Arabic English
ْتْرـــفـْغتــْساْْ ــق
Indeed, I have asked for forgiveness 2. If in the future there
ْ ـم in Fiil Madhi, it means no, for example:
Arabic English
ْتْرـــفـْغتــْساْ ــم
I did not ask for forgiveness
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of study
For every human, language is one of the important things to communicate to each other. Language as a means of communication has a very important role.
Role of the language as a communication tool among others, as a means of maintaining good relations between individuals, for the sake of the world for
tourism, business, and so forth. The relationship is not only limited to regional and national relationships, but also of international relations. Chiercia 1990: 11
states that language carry meaning unable us to use them express message, to convey information to another.
There are many languages in the world. English and Arabic as the international languages are learned as a foreign language in Indonesia. It is not
easy to learn them in Indonesia. Besides English and Arabic is still known and studied as a foreign language, there are many factors that influence the mastery of
English and Arabic. The factors that become difficult in mastering them for many students are the difference particularly as regards the rules of language or
grammar. James 1980: 3 says that Contrastive analysis is a linguistic enterprise aimed
at producing inverted two valued typologies a contrastive analysis is always concerned with a pair of languages, and founded on the assumption that
languages can be compared.
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