Writing as one of language skills has given an important contribution to human works. Although writing is the most complex skill to develop, it is very
important to be learned.
2.2.2.1 Purposes of Writing
In teaching writing, we have to make sure that our students have some writing aims. These certain aims will lead the students to focus on their writing. They do
not only write something, but also have known the purpose of their writing. Effective writers usually have a purpose in mind and construct their writing with a
view to achieve that purpose. Florida Department of Education explains that “effective writing is
focused on the topic and does not contain extraneous or loosely related information; has an organizational pattern that enables the reader to follow of
ideas because it contains a beginning, middle, and end and uses transitional devices” http:www.nadaisland.comwriting.
According to this statement, we know that the teacher should make the condition as effective as possible while the students practice writing. The most
effective learning of teaching writing skill is likely to take place when students are writing real messages for real audience, or at least when they are performing tasks
which they are likely to have to do in their out of class. The choice of writing tasks will depend on why students are studying English. There three main
categories of learning which it is worth considering according to Harmer 2004: 39:
1 English as a Second Language ESL This category is normally used to describe students who are living in the
target language community and who need English to function in that community on a day to-day basis. In this case, the purpose of the students is to learn a
language other than their mother tongue. They usually focus on the formal features of language such as; pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. In this
category, students also use English as their language not only at school but also out class. Therefore they will be used to write in English.
2 English for Specific Purposes ESP Many students study English for a particular or specific purpose. For
instance, business students will concentrate on the language of management and commerce, and so on. This category is taken by students who want to sharpen
English for their majoring subject. Thus, it will give them more chance to get jobs even for international scale.
3 English as a Foreign Language EFL This is generally taken to apply to the students who are studying general
English at schools and institutes in their own country or as transitory visitors in a target language country. This category is the one that applies in our country. The
students are expected to acquire English as well as possible. As it is the international language, it is very important for us to learn English.
From the explanation above we know that we learn English as a foreign language. Thus, it is clear that the teacher should teach all the language skills as
good as possible to attract the students in learning. Especially in writing skill, the
teacher should be creative and find the amusing activities to build a positive attitude in order to make students enjoy the lesson.
2.2.2.2 Components Influencing Writing
