Tissue Culture of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) on Research Center Station Crops Estate Marihat

Makalah 10

- 114

KUL7'1JR JARINGAN KELAPA SAWIT (Ell~eir&~rir~eer~sir)
DI IYJSKI- PENELI'I.IAN I~EICKEBUNANMARIHAT~)
TISSUE CULTURE OF OIL PALM ( E l [ ~ eprir~eeirris)
i~
ON RESEARCI-i CENTER S'I'KFION CROPS ESTATE MARIHAT
G a l e Ginting, R.A.

Lubis dan Adlin U. I,ubis2)
ABSTRACT

The s t e p o f forming o i l plam plantled b y t i s s u e c u l t u r e method i s v e r y complex and necessery t o b e accur a t l y implemented, e i t h e r s e l e c t i o n o f o r t e t o r l a b o r a t o r y
process.
Some c r i t e r i a which determine t h e s u c c e s s o f
t i s s u e - c u l t u r e i n o i l palm a r e a s f o l l o w s : t h e s e l e c t i o n
o f s u p e r i o r o r t e t , no mutation, t h e s e l e c t i o n a s a whole
cover each c u l t u r e phase, t h e e x i s t i n g o f j u v e n i l i t a t i o n ,
a b l e t o regeneration and t h e technique used can b e economi c a l l y implemented.

The v a r i a t i o n i n y i e l d among t r e e s on progenies t r i a l
o f D x P (Tenera) i s about 6 0 - 1 0 0 % above average y i e l d ,
t h e r e f o r e s e l e c t i o n o f i n d i v i d u and i t s m u l t i p l i c a t i o n i s
one o f t h e s u i t a b l e system f o r i n c r e a s i n g y i e l d .
Another
advantage o f t i s s u e - c u l t u r e method i s t o a s s i s t i n problem
s o l v i n g o f breeding.
Marihat Research Centre For E s t a t e Crop (MRCEC) s e t t e d up t i s s u e c u l t u r e l a b o r a t o r y i n 1985 and t h e c l o n e r e s u l t e d by t h a t laboratory has been planted s i n c e 1 9 8 7 on
s e v e r a l region i n Indonesia. Since 1987 up t o 1991,
amount 165 clones have been handled i n t i s s u e - c u l t u r e
process, and 3 3 clones among o t h e r s were planted on t h e
f i e l d a s wide a s about 1.000 ha area.
From f i e l d e b s e r v a t i o n i t has been proved t h a t t h e
c l o n e s can adapt well t o t h e environment, u n i f o r m i t y i n
t h e v e g e t a t i v e growth and normal f l o w e r i n g .
The Fresh
Bunsh J F F B ) production were h i g h e r around 20 percent compared t o p l a n t s from s e e d l i n g s .

Disampaikan pada Seminar Bioreknologi Perkebunan dan Lokakaryn Biopolirner Untuk lndustri
PAU Bioteknologi IPB, B O ~ O P ,10 . 1 1 Desembef 1991.

2, Penel i t ) Pusat Peneiitian Perkebunan Marihac, PO BOX: 37 Pematang S i a n t a r